DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES. 



521 



They were isolated from deep- 

 sea dredgings. 



Bacillus liodermos (Fliigge).— 

 Small short rods with rounded 

 ends ; actively motile. 



Colonies with irregular outlines 

 float on liquefied gelatine in the 

 form of small white flakes. 



Inoculated in gelatine a greyish 

 growth occurs along the track of the 

 needle, but the medium later be- 

 comes liquefied and a greyish-white 

 flocculent deposit settles at the 

 bottom. 



On potato a smooth shining yel- 

 lowish-white layer spreads quickly 

 over the whole surface, and after 

 some days becomes opaque and 

 slightly wrinkled. 



They occur on potato. 



Bacillus liquefaciens (Eisen- 

 berg).— Rods short and thick, with 

 rounded ends. Very motile. 



Colonies round, with smooth 

 edges and slimy centres. Lique- 

 faction follows, and a putrefactive 

 odour is noticed. 



In gelatine they make a funnel- 

 shaped whitish growth along the 

 track of the needle. 



On potato the growth is pale 

 yellow. 



They occur in water. 



Bacillus liquefaciens commu- 

 nis (Sternberg). — Rods 1 to 2 ^i in 

 length, and •? fi, in width ; singly 

 and in pairs. 



In the depth of gelatine they 

 produce rapid hquefaction in the 

 track of the needle. 



On potato a wrinkled pinkish 

 layer is formed. 



They were isolated from the eva- 

 cuations of yellow-fever patients. 



Bacillus liquefaciens magnus 

 (Liideritz). — Rods 3 to 6 ft in 

 length, -8 to 11 fi in width, and 

 filaments. They are anaerobic. 



Colonies develop below the sur- 

 face of the gelatine, and liquefaction 

 extends upwards to the surface. 



The bacilli inoculated in the 

 depth of gelatine cause liquefaction 

 in the lower part of the track of 

 the needle. 



In the depth of agar the colonies 

 have delicate branches. 



They liquefy blood-serum, and 

 produce a putrefactive odour. 



They occur in earth. 



Bacillus liquefaciens parvus 

 (Liideritz). — Bods 2 to 5 ^ in 

 length, -5 to 7 /i in width, and 

 filaments. They are anaerobic. 



Colonies are white, and liquefy 

 gelatine ; but in agar they are 

 spherical or almond-shaped. 



In the depth of gelatine isolated 

 colonies appear in the track of the 

 needle, and in the depth of agar 

 there is gas formation. 



They occur in earth. 



Bacillus liquidus (Frankland). 

 — Rods short and fiat with rounded 

 ends, usually in pairs, the length 

 of each pair varying from 1-5 m to 

 3 -5 /». They are very variable in 

 size ; highly motile ; spore-forma- 

 tion not observed. 



Colonies form cup-shaped excava- 

 tions, with almost clear, colourless 

 coQtents. The edges are at first 

 smooth and circular, but they 

 become serrated and granular, and 

 soon coalesce. 



A broad funnel-shaped depression 

 forms along the whole track of the 

 needle, containing turbid liquid and 

 masses of flocculent material. Later 

 a thin pellicle forms on the surface, 

 which sinks if the tube is shaken. 



On agar they grow quickly, form- 

 ing a smooth shining layer. 



On potato a thick flesh-coloured 

 growth appears. 



Broth is rendered turbid with an 

 abundant sediment, and after a few 

 days a pellicle forms. 



They are common in unfiltered 

 water. 



Bacillus litoralis (Russell).— 

 Colonies granular, with regular 

 contour ; slowly liquefying. 



In the depth of gelatine they 

 develop a growth in the track of 

 the needle, and at the upper part 

 produce a cup-shaped cavity lined 

 with the culture. The gelatine is 

 tinged with brown in the vicinity. 



On agar they produce a greyish- 

 white film, and in broth turbidity. 

 Inoculated in the depth of 

 gelatine the bacilli form a 

 funnel-shaped liquefaction along 



