566 



DESCRIPTION OF SPECIES. 



develops, and extends over tlie 

 surface. 



Broth made with sea-water be- 

 comes rapidly turbid. 



They were obtained from sea- 



Tvater. 



Spirillum Metcliiiikovi (p. 373). 



Spirillum nasale (Weibel).— 



Large curved rods and spirilliform 



filaments. Non-motile. 



Colonies circular, finely granular, 

 and brownish-yellow. 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine a delicate growth develops in 

 the track of the needle. 



On the surface of agar they form 

 a whitish slimy film. 



They occur in nasal mucus. 

 Spirillum Obermeieri (p. 258). 

 Spirillum of Piukler and 

 Prior (p. 258). 



Spirillum of Giinther (Vibiio 

 aquatilis). — Curved rods, very simi- 

 lar to Koch's comma-bacilli, but 

 there is no growth on potato. 

 They occur in water. 

 Spirillum of Miller.— Curved 

 rods, singly, in pairs, and spiral 

 filaments. 



They liquefy gelatine. 

 They were isolated from carious 

 teeth. 



Spirillum of Neisser (Vibrio 

 heroUnensis). — Similar to Koch's 

 comma-bacillus, but smaller. 



Colonies colourless, granular and 

 transparent, liquefying the gelatine 

 much more slowly than Koch's 

 comma-bacillus. 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine they produce a growth similar 

 to that of Koch's comma-bacilli, 

 but much more slowly in milk. 

 In broth they grow abundantly. 

 They were found in water. 

 Spirillum of Renou.— Curved 

 rods longer and broader than the 

 comma-bacilli of Koch. 



Colonies yellowish, with dark 

 nucleus. 



In gelatine the cultures resemble 

 those of Koch's comma-bacillus. 



On agar the growth is white and 

 abundant. 



They cause turbidity in broth. 

 They were isolated from impure 

 water from a well. 



Spirillum of Smith (yide 

 Spirillum suis). 



Spirillum of Weibel.— Curved 

 rods resembling Koch's oomma- 

 bacilli, morphologically, and in 

 cultures on jelly. The gelatine is 

 more quickly liquefied. 



There is no growth on potato. 



They occur in well water. 



Spirillum plicatile (Ehrenberg). 

 — Thin threads 2-25 fi in breadth, 

 110 to 125 jii long, occurring also in 

 spirulinar forms. The threads have 

 primary and secondary windings ; 

 the former are in each example of 

 equal size, but the latter are often 



Fis 225. — Spikooh^ta Plicatile. 



irregular. Their ends are cut off 

 bluntly, and they exhibit rapid 

 movement. 



They occur abundantly in marsh- 

 water in summer, and can be ob- 

 tained by allowing algse to decom- 

 pose in water. On cultivation the 

 threads break up into long rods, 

 short rods, and, finally, cocci. This 

 change is rendered visible by making 

 cover-glass preparations, and stain- 

 ing with aniline dyes. 



Spirillum rosaceum (Klein).— 

 Resembles Spirillum undula, but is 

 reddish in colour ; the colouring- 

 matter is insoluble in water, alcohol 

 or chloroform. 



Spirillum Rosenber^ii. — 

 Threads with 1 to I5 windings, 4 



