580 APPENDICES. 



Cell-membrane and contents are colourless in the fresh state, but 

 when dried and re-moistened possess a pale-reddish nucleus in the 

 middle. Spore-formation unknown'. They form rose-coloured, slimy 

 spots on starch paste, and on steriUsed potatoes. The colouring 

 matter is not changed by acids or alkahes. 



Saccharomyces ilicis (Grbnlund). — Cells spherical. Spore- 

 formation present without vacuoles. Cultures on the surface of 

 gelatine have a powdery appearance. They produce about 2 '8 

 per cent., by volume, of alcohol in beer -wort, and cause a disagree- 

 able, bitter taste. They were obtained from the fruit of Ilex 

 aquifoUum. 



Saeeharomyces aquifolii (Grbnlund). — Cells large and 

 spherical. Spores contain vacuoles. Cultures on gelatine are 

 variable, smooth and shining, or powdery. They produce about 

 - 3'7 per cent, alcohol in beer- wort, and cause a sweet taste with 

 bitter after-taste. They also were obtained from the fruit of Ilex 

 aquifoliitm. 



Saccharomyces Marxianus (Hansen). — Cells elongated. 

 They develop a mycelial growth on solid nutrient media. They 

 occur on grapes. 



Saccharomyces membransefaciens (Hansen). — Cells elon- 

 gated and vacuolated. Spore-formation abundant. Cultivated on 

 wort-gelatine they produce circular, flattened and wrinkled colonies, 

 greyish, and sometimes with a reddish tinge. The gelatine is slowly 

 liquefied. They occur in the slimy secretion of the roots of the- 

 elm, and were also isolated from well-water. 



Saccharomyces Hansenii (Zopf). — Cells with small spherical 

 spores. They set up alcoholic fermentation in solutions containing 

 sugar. They were found in cotton- seed flour. 



Saccharomyces Ludwigii. — Cells irregular in form, oval, 

 bottle-shaped, lemon-shaped, and elongated, and mycelial filaments. 

 On wort-gelatine the growth is greyish or yellowish. 



Saccharomyces acidi lactici (Groteufelt). — Cells oval, 2 to 

 4-35 fjL in length, and 1-5 to 2-9 /a in width. Colonies on nutrient 

 gelatine are porcelain-white. They coagulate milk. 



Saccharomyces minor (Engel).— Cells spherical. Spore- 

 formation present. They are said to be the most active ferment 

 in the fermentation of bread. 



Saccharomyces rosaceus {Pink Torula).—Ge\\& 9 to 10 /x. 

 in diam. They form a coral-pink growth in nutrient gelatine,, 

 nutrient agar-agar, or on sterilised potatoes. They are present, 

 in the air. 



