32 Stable Management and the Prevention of Disease 



a large copper or iron vessel over a fire and constantly stirring 

 it round. If this stirring be neglected, the grains on the 

 bottom of the vessel are liable to be spoilt by charring until 

 black. 



KULTHI. 



Kulthi is rarely given in the Bengal Presidency, but is a 

 common food in Madras and Bombay. Like gram, it is the 

 seed of a leguminous plant, which is called by botanists 

 Dolichos biflorus. The flower is of a sulphur-yellow colour. 

 It is considered by owners of race-horses to be excellent food 

 for training upon ; but it is rather expensive to use, being so 

 hard that it requires to be well boiled before being given. 



Maize. 



Maize, called makki or makkai, is rarely supplied for horses 

 except when other food is very scarce and dear. Being hard 

 and tough, it ought to be passed through a crushing machine. 

 Given for a short time, or in small quantities mixed with 

 other food, it has not, so far as I have seen, produced any ill 

 effects ; but in full allowances it soon causes the dung to 

 smell badly, and owing to its containing a large quantity of 

 oily material it makes horses soft in condition, at least in a 

 hot country like India. 



In North America horses frequently have no other grain, 

 and seem to work well upon it, probably in consequence of 

 the long cold winters counteracting the effects of the fat- 

 forming materials. Even in that country it is not adapted 

 for putting horses into racing condition. Hiram Woodruff, 

 the noted trainer of trotters, says, ' There is no doubt at all 

 about the fact that oats are the best food for a horse. Keep 

 the maize for bullocks and hogs.' 



In moderate quantities it is a good food for brood mares, 

 greatly increasing the flow of milk. 



In the Veterinary Journal for January, 1879, is a short 

 article upon this food. It states that ' the attempt made in 

 France to feed horses upon maize instead of oats has failed. 

 According to reports sent in by French army officers to 



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