50 Stable Management and the Prevention of Disease 



with the various impurities contained in perspiration, and also 

 with carbonaceous materials, owing to a smaller amount of 

 carbon being burnt in respiration by a given quantity of hot 

 air than by the same bulk of cold air. 



The liver has thus a great deal of extra work to perform, 

 and at the same time has a diminished power of doing it, 

 owing to its sharing in that languor of the whole system 

 which is produced by moist heat. 



Biliousness is more common among Australians and other 

 foreign horses, especially during the first year after their 

 arrival in India, than among country -breds and Arabs. 



Want of sufficient exercise, and of green forage, exposure 

 to the vertical rays of the sun, and living in stables in which 

 the air cannot circulate with freedom, all predispose to it. 



Teeatment of Lived, Disease. 



The usual symptoms are yellowness of the mucous mem- 

 branes with slightly quickened pulse and breathing, offensive 

 smell in the dung, which is sometimes coated with thick 

 pieces of mucus and sometimes also of a clay colour instead 

 of the usual yellow. In bad cases there are pains in the 

 liver, shown by the horse putting his muzzle towards his 

 right side, and increased quickness of pulse and breathing. 

 In the earliest stages of the disease, when there are scarcely 

 any symptoms except yellowness of the mucous membranes 

 and offensive smell in the dung, carbonate of soda in half- 

 ounce doses night and morning is a very useful remedy, 

 owing to its increasing the secretion of bile, which is carried 

 off by the kidneys and intestines. At the beginning of an 

 attack, too, before there is much fever, a purgative dose of 

 aloes will often cut it short. 



"When there is actual fever no remedy is equal to tincture of 

 aconite. If Fleming's tincture, it should be given in ten-drop 

 doses ; or if qf the Pharmacopoeia, in half-drachm doses, mixed 

 with a half pint of water, three or four times daily. When 

 there is pain in the liver, mustard-poultices half an inch thick 

 should be placed on the right side, and kept there for thirty 

 or forty minutes until the skin is swollen. The horse should 



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