Among Horses in India. 69 



membrane will be stained a dull red by the colouring matter 

 of the blood, and such stains are not unfrequently found on the 

 serous membrane or in the muscular portion of the heart. 

 The serous surfaces of the lungs will probably be coated with 

 a thin layer of lymph, the substance of the lungs will be 

 more or less congested, and the bronchial tubes frequently 

 filled with frothy mucus. 



In these cases there is usually also some infiltration of 

 lymph in the abdominal cavity, together with dark red spots 

 on the mucous and serous surfaces of the abdomen. 



Treatment. — The treatment of anthrax fever has hitherto 

 been very unsatisfactory in its results. Eemedies of the 

 most opposite characters have been tried, but under every 

 kind of treatment the mortality has been very great. 



In many cases, death or prostration of the vital powers 

 comes on so suddenly that no medicines have time to affect 

 the system. Greater success has followed the administration 

 of carbolic acid than of any remedy hitherto tried. 



This medicine was recommended by Mr. Fleming for 

 anthrax long before Loodiana fever was known to be a disease 

 of that nature, and it was given to five horses by the advice 

 of Mr. F. Collins, late P.V.S. in India, during the outbreak of 

 the fever at Eawul Pindi in 1878. The doses were half a 

 drachm in six ounces of water three times daily. As only 

 one of the five horses died there was reason to hope that a 

 very efficient remedy had been found ; but it is stated that 

 an equal success has not resulted from the same treatment on 

 subsequent occasions in other places. The horses treated so 

 successfully at Eawul Pindi were among those attacked some 

 days after the first appearance of the disease, when its viru- 

 lence had begun to abate ; but even allowing for this, a far 

 larger proportion of recoveries has followed the use of car- 

 bolic acid than of any other remedy. 



The acid in its pure form is dissolved with difficulty iu 

 water, and only small quantities can be introduced into the 

 system without producing poisonous effects. It can be much 

 more readily dissolved in water if previously mixed in a 

 mortar with four parts its bulk of glycerine. 



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