310 INFECTIVE DISEASES. 



M. Pench ascertained that horse-pox caused considerable alarm 

 from the fact that the breeders regard this eruptive affection as 

 syphilitic, and this alarm consequently brings discredit upon the 

 bi'eeding establishment whence the illness has spread. He was also 

 led to appreciate the great necessity for further study of this disease 

 in relation to dourine or maladie du coit. 



In 1882 M. Peuch had the opportunity of investigating a case 

 of horse-pox in Algeria. The disease occurred in a thoroughbred 

 Arab. There was an eruption of vesicles, and there was also an 

 ulcer the size of a five-franc piece in the nostril. In the mouth and 

 on the lips there were a number of small vesicles about the size of 

 a pea. The sublingual glands were engorged, hot, and painful on 

 pressure. The coat, in patches, on the lateral aspect of the neck, 

 on the shoiilders, the iianks, and in the hollow of the heel, was 

 staring, giving the appearance of small paint-brushes. On passing 

 the hand over these, vesicles could be detected partly dry and partly 

 secreting. 



The disease was transmitted to cows, and from cows to about 

 one thousand five hundred persons. 



Oases similar to the one just described, in which there is more or 

 less marked ulceration of the nostril or nasal septum, must be care- 

 fully distinguished from glanders. And again, when the sublingual 

 glands are affected the disease may be mistaken for strangles. 



Nature and Affinities. 



Horse-pox and human small-pox are quite distinct diseases, 

 and the theory that horse-pox is derived from grooms or other 

 attendants suffering from small-pox may be dismissed without 

 further comment. 



Horse-pox is never infectious, but is communicated solely by 

 contact — either by grooms inoculating the virus with their hands, 

 sponges, or brushes, or by horses coming into contact with each other, 

 and in breeding establishments by coition. Auzias Turenne, who 

 wrote exhaustively on this subject, maintained that horse-pox came 

 into the same category of diseases as syphilis in man. 



"A un point de vue, le grease pustuleux inocule off re la plus 

 parfaite ressemblance avec la verole inoculee, par le prodviit des 

 accidents secondaires. Des deux cotes nous voyons, absence de 

 contagion par la voie de I'atmosphfere, travail local, retentissement 

 lymphatique et ganglionaire, fermentation universelle de I'organisme, 

 eruption generale et immunite acquise contre de nouvelles atteintes. 



"A un autre point de vue, la ressemblance avec la variole est 



