CHAPTER XX Y. 



SWINE FEVEH. 



Pig Typhoid, or swine fo\er, is n liighly contagious disease peculiar 

 to swine, civusing doatli in from ten to thirty diivs, nssociated with 

 a fibrinous pneumonia, enlargement of, and hsemorrhage into, the 

 lymphatic glands, and chnvaotoristic nloors of the mucous membrane 

 of the stomaoh and intestines. The lesions may assvime the form of 

 oxteusivo croupous or diphtheritic deposit, which may fill the intes- 

 tinal tube. But the most charac.tei-istic appearance results when 

 the lower part of the ileum and commencement of the colon is 

 dotted all over with elevations of the mucous membrane, resembling 

 leatlier buttons or nux vomica, seeds, and sometimes with concentric 

 rings, so that they have been compared to slices of calumba root. 



Swine fover is difficult to detect in the early stage, and sometimes 

 symptoms are absent altogether in animals suffering from the 

 disease and quite capable of transmitting it ; or nothing may be 

 noted exi-ept cough, and possibly enlargement of the inguinal glands. 

 In typical cases the animals are noticed not to feed, to exhibit 

 dulness, and to have occasional rigors. Partial paralysis may 

 follow, producing unstea^^y gait cfi- loss of power over the hind legs. 

 Diarrhoja sets in, and the evacuations become blood stained. There 

 is occasionally a diffused or patchy re^ldish or purplish rash on 

 the skin. After death tlie appearances most connuonly found are 

 inflauimatiou of the peritoneum, and redness and enlai'gement of the 

 mesenteric glands and the lymphatic glands in the lungs. There 

 is generally ulceration, especially of the colon and ileo-csacal valve, 

 "or a diphtheritic exudation, sometimes pale yellow, more commonly 

 greyish or black, similar to the centres of necrosis within the ulcers. 

 The spleen is enhta-ged and liver congested, and tliere are hasmorrhages 

 in the kidneys. As the lungs ai-e so commonly affected, Klein 

 pi*oposed the name pneumo-enteritis ; but the pulmonary lesions 

 are not constant. Indeed, the cases in which the intestines and 



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