DESCKIPTION OF SPECIES. 



567 



i;o 12 fi long, 1-5 to 2-6 n thick. 

 They are colourless, but the con- 

 tents include strongly refractive 

 sulphur granules. Also spirals 6 to 

 7-5 fi in height, which are actively 

 motile. 



They were found in brackish 

 water. 



Spirillum rubrum (lEsmarck). 

 — Curved rods, spirilla and spiro- 

 •chetsB. They are actively motile. 



The growth on artificial media is 

 extremely slow. 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine they grow along the track of 

 the needle, forming a filament of a 

 wine-red colour, without causing 

 liquefaction ; and on the free sur- 

 face the growth is colourless. 



In broth long spirillar threads 

 are formed. 



They were isolated from the 

 .putrid tissues of a mouse. 



SpirillTim rufuni (Perty).— 

 Filaments from 8 to 16 /i in length, 

 with IJ to 4 screw curves ; non- 

 segmented ; chiefly motile ; tinged 

 with red. 



They form rose or dark red spots 

 on the sides of wells. 



Spirillum sanguineum (Cohn). 

 — Threads 3 fi and more in thick- 

 ness, wiih 2 to 2J spirals, each 9 to 

 12 fi high. The ends are provided 

 with flagella. Their colour is due 

 to the presence of reddish granules 

 contained in the cells. 



They were observed in brackish 

 Trater containing putrefying sub- 

 stances. {Vide Beggiatoa roseo- 

 persiciua.) 



Spirillum saprophiles. — (I.) 

 Curved rods with pointed ends, '6 /i 

 in width, 3 /* in length ; spirilla, 

 spirilliform filaments, and involu- 

 tion forms. 



Colonies yellowish or greenish- 

 yellow. 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine a white growth forms in the 

 track of the needle, later becoming 

 yellowish ; and on the free surface 

 there is a white growth, and 

 beyond this a transparent film 

 spreads over the jelly. 



On agar the growthi s creamy, 

 and the jelly clouded beneath it. 



On potato the growth is slimy 

 and yellowish or dark-brown in 

 colour. 



They were obtained from sewage ^ 



Tig. 226.— Comma-Bacilli in Watbb 



CONTAMINATED WITH SbWAGE. 



mud and decomposing hay infu- 

 sion. 



(II.) Curved rods about 2 ;x in 

 length, with blunt ends and in pairs. 

 Extremely motile. 



Colonies circular and yellowish^ 

 brown. 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine a white growth develops in 

 the track of the needle, and later 

 becomes yellowish-red ; on the free 

 surface a white patch forms, sur- 

 rounded by a transparent film. 



In the depth of agar there is no 

 growth in the track of the needle, 

 but a yellowish-white patch on 

 the free surface adherent to the 

 jelly- 

 On potato the growth is also 

 adherent, and in appearance shining 

 and brownish-green. 



They were isolated from decom- 

 posiug hay infusion. 



(III.) Curved rods, spirilla, and 

 spirilliform filaments, and involu- 

 tion forms. 



Colonies are circular, granular, 

 and with irregular margin ; yellow 

 in the centre, and white at the 

 periphery. 



Inoculated in the depth of gela- 

 tine a white growth develops in 

 the track of the needle, and on the 

 surface, without producing lique- 

 faction. 



On the surface of agar the growth 

 is white. 



On potato the growth is distinctly 

 brown. 



