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mix ed coppice fellings or standard felling St when they relate 

 solely to the trees reserved. 



Method of high forest with reserves.— A method of treatment 

 by regeneration from seed and clear felling with the excep- 

 tion of a few trees which are left to grow to a larger size. 



Method of pastoral treatment.— The planting of trees in 

 groups or lines on pastm'e lands. Such trees yield a certain 

 return, besides improving the value of the areas by keeping: 

 out cold or dry winds, and by affording shelter to the cattle. 



Method of simple coppice.— The formation by means of stool 

 and rootshoots of a forest crop wliich is periodically removed 

 by clear fellings. The regeneration fellings in this method 

 are called coppice fellings. 



Method of successive regeneration fellings. — In this method 

 instead of the entire crop being removed from the area 

 exploited in a single operation, the removal takes place 

 gradually in successive lellicgs made from time to time 

 as the new growth requires less and less shelter from 

 the parent crop. In addition to this gradual exposure of 

 the new growth, the young crop, as it grows up, is fostered 

 by cleanings, thinnings, etc. The successive fellings, made- 

 in connection with this method, are called preparatory, seed, 

 secondary KnA final. Tlie first and second may be either 

 close or open. This method is sometimes called "the method 

 of natural regeneration and of thinnitigs "; sometimes " the 

 shelter wood compartment system " or " Migh forest compart- 

 ment system "; and sometimes the " Uniform Method. " A 

 forest treated by this method is sometimes called a " Regular 

 high forest." 



Method of treatment.— The body of sylvicultural rule& 

 regulating the manner in wliich a forest crop is regenerated, 

 and the produce realised, is termed a method of treatment. 



Method of two-storeyedforest.— The introduction of a second 

 crop (usually of shade bearing species and generally by" 

 sowing or planting) into an older crop, so that practically 

 two distinct high forests each of even-age exist on the same 

 area. The original crop forms " the upper tier or storey " or 

 " overwood " ; the crop subsequently introduced the " lower 

 tier or storey." 



Permanent method of treatmenr.-A method of treatment 

 applied with a view to replace an existing by a new crop 

 according to a definite scheme. . 



