43 



over a large area, which is necessary when the fellings are- 

 prescribed by volume. The method can only be employed 

 where all the produce of the forest is saleable, and where 

 reproduction is fairly easy to obtain, as with the sal in the- 

 fairly moist climates of the plains where the demand for the^ 

 produce is suflBciently great and profitable ; and in the Finus- 

 longifoUa forests of the Himalayas with suitable elevations. 



The above remarks apply also to the modification of the 

 method of successive fellings Isnown as the group method. 



It will be seen that in determining the method of treat- 

 ment the chief points to be noticed are : — 



(1) The produce in demand. 



(2) The composition, condition and sylvicultural re- 



quirements of the crop. 



Section III. — Formation o]? working- circles and 



FELLING SERIES. 



1. Rules regardiug the selection of Avorking-circles.— The recon- 

 naissance completed and the general method of treatment 

 adapted to each section of the forest area determined, the 

 working-circles, subject to such modifications as a more 

 detailed examination of the crops may subsequently prove 

 necessary, are decided upon. The most important rule to 

 bear in mind is that all the crops included in one working- 

 circle must be susceptible of the same method of treatment. 



Each working-circle forms a separate unit of administra- 

 tion, and may, where possible, constitute a separate charge, 

 as for instance where there are large forest masses — such as the 

 teak forests of Burma or deodar forests of the Himalayas — 

 subjected to the same method of treatment. In such cases, 

 the limits of the working-circles would depend entirely on 

 administrative facts and would present no difficulties. But 

 where the nature of the crop or of the demand varies ve5"5 

 much from place to place, necessitating the application of 

 differeut methods of treatment, it will be necessary to formj 

 within one and the same administrative area, two or more 

 working- circles, each of which cannot constitute a separate 

 charge. Local grazing rights or privileges also play an 

 important part in determining the areas to be formed into 

 separate circles ; as the closings and openings of blocks to 

 grazing often determine the cultural treatment. 



