139 



The duties of the aabordinate establishment are particularly heavy, as the timber 

 works are conducted departmentally. The injuries to which' the forests are liable 

 have already been described, and the protectire duties of the guards will be under- 

 stood. The average area of each guard's beat is abont 1,400 acres ; but the forestsi 

 are Bcattered over a large area of exceptionallv rugged country. It is ofteu 

 ditiicnit to obtain suitable forest guards, as the hill men are nnaccnstomed to 

 discipline of any sort. Proposals for inot easing the staff, and for certain changes in 

 its disposition, will therefore be made. 



(e*) Labour supply. — It should be said to what extent 

 and at what rates of payment it is possible to procure local 

 labour, and whether, at particular seasons of the year, there 

 are difificulties with regard to the supply. Any other 

 remarks that may appear desirable in connection with the 

 execution of works in the forests should also be recorded 

 under this head. 



7. Fntnre management : basis of proposals. — («) Working- 

 circles and felling-series. — In explaining what working- 

 circles and felling-series are proposed, their formation 

 should be fully justified with reference to — 



The state of the crop and method of treatment to be 



supplied. 

 The position of the natural land-marks. 

 The position of the markets to be supplied. 

 The demand for the produce. 

 The most desirable size of the coupes. 

 The administrative charges. 



It will generally be conyenient, especially when there are 

 a number of working- circles or felling-series, to exhibit in 

 a tabular form the areas comprised in each circle and series 

 together with the names of the forests or blocks concerned. 



JExampte. — It will have been seen that the forest area consists of two portions, 

 separated from each other by the main road from the railway line to the tahsil, and 

 perfectly distinct in the chsracler of the crops and in Fegal constitution. That portion 

 sitnated to the east of this road has an area of 13,631 acres, is reserved and contained, 

 as we have seen, an irregularly coppiced forest of sal; while the area lying to the 

 west of the road is unclassed forest, and contains only scrub jungle which it will be 

 proposed to work for grazing. This latter block innst, it is evident, form a separate 

 tfprking-cirole, and it is proposed to call it the " grazing circle." 



As to the first-mentioned' block, it is too large to form conveniently a single 

 felling-series and it is, therefore, proposed to divide it into two, separated by the 

 strtam and the path leading to the village. .But both felling-series will be simulta- 

 neously worked to snppiy the same market which is fed by the railway. It may be 

 argued that this division of the eastern area into two telling-series will render the 

 working-plan more complicated. The cost of extracting the produce will, however, 

 be decreased by reason of the lesser distance it will have to be carried ; while the 

 prodncts of the fellings will not be so difficult to extract and dispose of. The follow- 

 ing area statement Bh(iV8 (he distribution of these working-oircles and of the 

 felling-series, numbered I and II respectively. Each will conveniently form 

 a Forester's charge, replacing the present arrangement by which a Banger has 



