1^9 



In the improTement fellings the following work should l)e done :— 



All suppressed deodar seedlings should be relieved from the injurious cover o£ 



inferior species, eitlier by the lopping of a branch oc two or by the 



ringing of the immediately over-toppinif trees. 

 All deodar trees with crowns contracted on account of the heavy surrounding 



foliageof other trees, but otherwise in good condition, should be set free 



by the ringing of some of the latter. 

 In the^ vicinity of, or on slopes immediately below, fertile deodar trees, the 



soil shonld be prepared for the reception of any seed that may fall by 



being cleared of all undergrowth and being freed, if necessary, from the 



thick covering of undecomposed leaves. 



In opening out the leaf canopy, it should not be forgotten that deodar in its 

 youth supports a great deal of shade and requires protection, and that bright illumina- 

 tion results in the soil of these forests being overrun with a dense growth of weeds 

 and inferior shrubs. The object of ringing and not felling the obnoxious trees is 

 to uncover gradually the soil p.nd vegetation, to save the heavy outlay that felling 

 would require, and to prevent the ground from being encumbered. 



(ii) Regulation of grazing and other rights. — The plan, in 

 this respect, must carry out the detailed record-of -rights under 

 the forest settlement, if one exists. It should be laid down 

 what areas are to be opened to grazing and for what periods. 

 The number of cattle to be admitted should, where possible, 

 be prescribed; and generally it should be explained how 

 the rights or concessions can be met with the least amount 

 of injury or danger to the forest. 



Example. — The annexed table indicates the periods for which the several areas 

 will he opened or closed to grazing. They have, as permitted by the settlement, 

 been arranged with a view to giving each area a rest of five years. The number of 

 cattle to be admitted is that given in the statement of rights, and the areas opened 

 will allow 3 acres per head of cattle grazed. When one area is closed, another will 

 be opened j and, on an average, one-thirii of the whole area will always be open to 

 grazing. This arrangement in no way contravenes the orders passed by the Forest 

 Settlement Officer. 



The Raura block of 106 acres which it is proposed to work regularly will have 

 to be closed. It is free of rights, but grass-cutting can be permitted. The portion- 

 traversed by- the path from Baara to Mairawana, or about tea acres, which contains' 

 chiefly young chir may, however, be left open to cattle, as it need not be worked and 

 it is inexpedient to close the mnch-frequented path. 



It has already been explained that, as regards rights to 

 timber, it may be necessary either to form the area burdened 

 with the rights into a separate working-circle or felling- 

 series, in which case the exploitation will be dealt with in 

 the ordinary way as a principal provision of the plan, or to 



