THE DOCILE MAMMALS. 263 



Of the lynxes there are two species in North America, 

 Lynx rufus, the American wildcat, 'and the Canada lynx. 

 Lynx Canadensis, or lovp cervier, the latter being much 

 the laxger species. The Canada lynx preys upon the 

 northern hare and other small mammals, as well as the 

 ruffed grouse and spruce partridge, and has been known to 

 devour pigs, lambs, and young fawns. 



77ie Monkeys, Apes, and Man. — The last and highest 

 order of mammals contains a series beginning with crea- 

 tures resembling squirrels and bats, i.e., the lemurs, and 

 ending with the monkeys, apes, and man. In all the Pri- 

 mates, the legs are exserted, being almost or quite free from 

 the trunk, with the great toe of the hind foot usually en- 

 larged and opposable to the others ; nails, except in the 

 marmosets, replace claws. 



The brain is larger than in any other mammals, and 

 while the hemispheres of the brain may in the lower forms 

 be quite smooth, in the apes they nearly, and in man they 

 completely, overlap the cerebellum, and the surfaces are deep- 

 ly and abundantly furrowed. The collar-bones (clavicles) 

 are well developed, adapting the fore limbs for climbing. 

 The set of teeth is completed with four chisel-shaped small 

 incisors, forming a closed series. 



As a rule the monkeys and apes live in trees, and the 

 complete adaptation of their bodies to a climbing life is 

 seen in the shape of the hands and feet. The hinder feet in 

 the monkeys and apes are very like hands, being adapted 

 for climbing and grasping (Pig. 365), but in man the foot 

 is plantigrade. The teeth are adapted to a mixed diet of 

 flesh and vegetables, but the monkeys and apes feed exclu- 

 sively on fruits, nuts, etc. 



The Primates are divided into two sub-orders, i.e., the 

 Prosimim and Antliropoidea. The former group embraces 

 the lemurs, which vary in size from that of a rabbit to a 

 large monkey. They are covered, the face as well as the 

 rest of the body, with a dense fur ; walk on all-fours, usu- 

 a,lly ha,ve long tails, though the lori is tailless, while the 



