THE DOCILE MAMMALS. 365 



The genuine Primates or sah-OTdieT Anthropoidea are, in 

 brief, characterized by the large, convoluted cerebral hemi- 

 spheres. The ears are rounded, with a distinct lobule, and 

 the two mammae are pectoral. These Anthropoidea are 

 divided into two subdivisions, the first comprising the 

 monkeys and apes, and the second, man. In the first 

 group (SimicB) the body is prone, the animal walking on 

 all-fours, only the orang and gorilla walking partly erect ; 

 the great toe is rather short, thumb-like, and opposable to 

 the fingers, while the body is very hairy. 



Fig. 263.— Head of Cebits vellerosus. Fig. 263— Head of Semnopithe- 



cus cornutus. 



The apes live in trees, only occasionally walking on the 

 ground ; their posture is semi-erect ; they are tailless; the 

 fore legs are much longer than the hind legs, and used as 

 arms, the radius being capable of complete pronation and 

 supination. In the form of their skull, of their brain with 

 its convolutions, and in the teeth, there is a still nearer ap- 

 proach to man. 



There are four typical forms or genera of apes, i.e., the 

 gibbon {Hylobates) ; the orang {Mimetes pitliecvs), the 

 chimpanzee [Mimetes niger), and the gorilla. The gib- 

 bons are nearest to the monkeys ; they are little less than 

 a metre (3 feet) in height, and are very slender, with 

 yery long arms, so that they are rapid, agile climbers, also 



