■ 3/ 



be the last, no new canes should be allowed to grow during (hat season, but should be 

 broken away in order to give those in bearing the full strength of the, root, which, as 

 we often proved, tends very much to increase the size, and consequently the amount 

 of fruit. After this manner we shall expect to get nearly, or quite as much, in two 

 years, as in the ordinary way we gather in three, and all large and first quality berries.'' 

 ' — Henpt Toackeb, in the Horticulturist. 



TIME TO SET. 



Any time in the fall, after the first light frost, or early in the spring. If our ground 

 was ready in the fall, and we desired to set out a large plantation, we should much 

 prefer to set them out then than to wait until spring, as the soil would be well settled 

 about the roots, and the plants get a much earlier and better start in the spring ; and, 

 besides, there would not be so much danger of breaking off the young germ. If, how- 

 ever, it was in the spring of the year, we should not wait till fall to set, but plant them 

 right out, and even if they made but a small growth the first summer, they would get 

 so well established, that the second season they would make a full grown" bush. When 

 set in the fall a small quantity of corn litter should be thrown directly over each plant 

 to prevent the ground from heaving. 



GREEN PLANTS. 



We have had very good success lately in planting out the tip-root of the Black Cap 

 .family, such as Doolittlc and Mammoth Cluster in May and June, after the germ had 

 sprouted 4 to 6 inches above ground. They become quite tough, and are as easily 

 transplanted and sure to grow as cabbage plants. We have also transplanted and 

 shipped sucker plants of the Antwerp family — such as Clark, Philadelphia, Kirtland, 

 &c, in May, after they had sprouted 4 to 6 inches, and have had the very best success 

 with such, not losing to exceed 5 per cent. ' They always had a fine fibrous root, and 

 are scarcely checked in their growth by being transplanted. , 



"SUCKER" PLANTS. 



All of the Antwerp family are increased by suckers or from root cuttings, and no 

 variety that does not sucker can be increased from root cuttings successfully. We give 

 the modus operandi for propagating by root cuttings in another part of this work, 

 both for the Raspberry and Blackberry. In removing sucker plants to transplant great 

 care should be taken to cut off a piece of the root from which the plant sprouts, and it 

 will be like Fig. 23, which if dug up carelessly, as is a 

 common practice with many plant dealers, who offer 

 plants "cheap," they will be like Mg. %. Any one can 

 see at a glance the value of the first over the last, 

 and the importance of careful digging. The plant 

 is very easily detached from the root from which 

 it sprouted by pulling on it, hence^it should not be 

 raised from the ground before the horizontal root has 

 'been cut off with the spade, and the plant raised from ' 

 its position with the spade, when it may be pulled up s 

 by hand. 



Fig. Si. 

 "TIP" PLANTS. 



These are grown from the tip of the new growth, in August and September. As 

 soon as the tips grow nearly bare of leaves, and present a snakish, dark purple color, 

 puf ^hem into the ground 3 or 4 inches, at an angle of 45 degrees. In a few Weeks 

 It they will form a fine matted plant like Mg. S3, and can be trans- 



planted by cutting off the parent cane 4 to 6 inches above the 

 root. If good strong plants are wanted, and quality or size 

 more than quantity, is desired, check the new growth when it 

 gets not to exceed two feet high. It will throw out 10 to 12 side 

 branches, and these being layered early form very large matted 

 roots by fall. If a large increase of plants, however, is desired, 

 check the growth of all these side limbs, when they get about 

 two feet in length. This will cause each limb to branch out 

 and instead of having 12 to 15 to layer, 50 to 100 will be pro- 

 duced around a good sized bush. The plants from these will 



