ADAPTATION FOR THE INDIVIDUAL 95 
are known as pinchers and have given to their owners 
the name of pinching bugs. All insects with such 
jaws as these use them for breaking up solid food. 
A glimpse at the mouth of the butterfly captured 
on an adjoining flower will show a most remarkable 
variation from that seen in the grasshopper. Prac- 
tically all of the mouth parts mentioned are present in 
this insect, and its early ancestors had their organs 
practically like those of the grasshopper. Now they 
are so modified and united with each other as to be 
almost unrecognizable. The pair of soft jaws has 
become very much elongated, and they lock together 
in such a way as to enclose a hollow space between 
them through which the creature can suck its fluid 
food. Not only have these soft jaws joined together, 
but, because they have become so much elongated 
when not in use, they must be coiled up like a watch 
spring and laid between two hairy lip-like processes 
which correspond in reality to the two finger-like feel- 
ers of the grasshopper’s hind lips. 
The butterfly, lighting upon the corolla of the 
flower, uncurls this long “tongue,” and through its 
hollow center pumps up into its crop the nectar which 
the flower has stored in its base. When the butterfly 
comes to get the nectar from the flower, it rubs upon 
its own hairy body pollen from the stamens of the 
flower and carries it to the pistil of the next flower 
