ADAPTATION FOR THE INDIVIDUAL I2I 
ways have an unpleasant taste, but when they do it 
certainly is most unpleasant. 
There remains to be considered the most effective 
plan yet mentioned of escaping the enemy, and that 
is of really escaping. In all the devices we have con- 
sidered thus far the enemy is eluded. When the 
creature lies quiet, or finds safety in its protective 
coloration, or in its bad taste, or unpleasant odor, it 
still remains in the presence of the enemy. A more 
progressive plan altogether is to escape the enemy 
by flight. The great advantage of this plan lies in 
the fact that the acquisition is valuable for every pur- 
pose. The creature then can escape the enemy, can 
range widely for food or for a mate. This gives it an 
enormous advantage in the struggle for life. The 
power to fly, in insects, was doubtless originally 
gained in the attempt to escape the enemy. Among 
many of the lower animals it is nearly the only pur- 
pose that flying serves. Later on it enables the ani- 
mal to pass from one food locality to another. In a 
few creatures it plays an effective part during the 
mating season. These last are probably both derived 
powers, and the original function was that of escape 
from the enemy. The grasshopper has grown its long 
legs to serve him for safety, and through them it is 
helped along, moving about chiefly by leaps when it 
wishes to go any material distance. It is only toward 
