A MANUAL OF ZOOLOGY 25 



eyes and separates the cephalic from the lateral parts of 

 the epicranlum. The epicranium is limited ventrally by 

 a suture that connects the ends of the sutures just referred 

 to. Mount the head on a pin. A ridge marks the caudal 

 border of the epicranium. A well-marked suture fbrms 

 the ventral border of the lateral part of the epicranium. 

 Point but the vertex, the front, and the genae. A short 

 but broad sclerite, the cl/pius occupies the ventral border 

 of the epicranium. Note a movable flap, the labrum. Make 



a drawing of the cephalic aspect of the Jiead, Note the 

 parts. liocate the posl^genae'caudad of the genae on each 

 side. Note that the post-genae are connected from side 

 to side within the head by a strong membrane, the ten- 

 torium. Movable Parts of the Head: Antennae and the 

 mouth parts; just cephalad of each compound eye note 

 the attachment of the antennae. Each antenna is situated 

 in a depression which is known as the antennatry fossa. 

 Carefully remove the labrum. Now a pair of jaws, 

 the mandibles, are exposed, which open by meso-lateral mo- 

 tion of each jaw. Each jaw consists of a short and a 

 thick piece ; the distal extremity of the latter is notched so 

 as to form a series of teeth. At the base of the mandible 

 between it and the gena, there is a small sclerite; this 

 is the trochantin of the mandible. By the removal of the 

 mandibles there is exposed a second pair of jaws, which 

 like the mandibles open by a meso-lateral motion. These 

 are the maxtllae. Remove one of these and examine^ 



aBie^the 

 the proxi- 

 mal part of the maxilla. It consi sts of _two.gfl]Jerxtes-; -t-he- 

 "fifsTTFTihe larg^|_andjs_trianiular in outlingj_ The stipes 

 or footsEocETi"Ee large quadraagulaf scKritewhich forms 

 the central part of thS maxilla. The lacinia articulating 

 to the distal part of the stipes, is a large sclerite which 

 tapers distad, is ' curved and is terminated with strong 

 teeth. Joined to the lateral border of the stipes .and be- 

 tween the cardo and proximal segment of the galea is a 

 narrow sclerite, the palpifer. Attached to the distal end 

 of the palpifer is a long slender organ consisting of five 

 segments: the maxillary palpus. Note the parts of the 

 thorax. The cephalic or first segment is named the pro- 



under the microscope. Make a drawing__aiLd— iraB 

 parts, which are as folltr w a: C ar do-ofEinge is the 



