148 



THE FUR SEALS OF THE PRIBILOF ISLANDS. 



1859, Ascaris kalichoris Baird, Proc. Zool. Soc. London, Part XXVII, pp. 148, 149, pi. L^'I, figs. 2-2c.— 

 Reprinted without figures, Baird, 1860, Ann. Nat. Hist., 3 ser., V, No. 28, April, pp. 329- 

 331.— DiESiNG, 1860, Sitzungsber. k. Akad. Wiss. Wien., XLII (1860), No. 28, p. 662.— Von 

 LINSTOW, 1878, Compendium der Helminthologie, p. 59. — C. Pakona, 1889, Ann. Mus. oivioo, 

 Storia nat. Geneva, 2 ser., VII (XXVII), 10 Oct , pp. 751-761, figs. 1-3, pi. xiil, figs. 1-16.— 

 Stossich, 1896, Boll. Soc. adriatica Sci. nat. Trieste, XVII, p. 68. 



Diagnosis. — Intermediate lips and lateral cervical alae absent; lips of nearly equal size, dorsal 

 lip slightly broader than ventro-lateral lips; dentigerous ridge?; body attenuated toward both 

 extremities; cuticle with fine transverse striae; intestinal caecum 11™"' long, arises about 17""" from 

 month, and extends cephalad parallel to oesophagus. 



Male: 85 to 115""" long; tail in a spiral; caudal papillae symmetrical, oue pair postanal, near the 

 cloaca, four pairs praeaual ; spicules very short. 



Female: 85 to 144™" long, with maxium diameter of 3.5™""; vulva about two-thirds the length 

 from the anterior extremity (Baird), one- third the length from the anterior extremity (Parona) ; eggs 

 segment to morula in the uterus. 



Types : In British Museum. 



Habitat: Stomach of Dugongs. 



HiSTOKiCAL REVIEW. — According to Baird (1859, p. 148), Professor Owen in 

 1831 prepared a specimen of an Ascaris from the stomach of a Dugong, and deposited 

 the same in the museum of the College of Surgeons, London; Baird also refers to the 

 Catalogue of the Physiological Series of Comparative Anatomy, which was pub- 

 lished by the college in 1833, in a way which leads the reader to assume that Owen 

 named the species Ascaris halicoris. This catalogue is not at our disposal, but as 

 Baird adds (1859, p. 149) that ^^Ascaris halicoris, though named long ago, has never 

 been fully described or iigured," it may safely be assumed that Owen's name was a 

 nomen nudum,a,nd hence not entitled to further consideration. 



Eiippell, according to Baird, "found the same species of worm in the stomach of 

 the same species of animal. He very briefly notices this in describing a Dugong which 

 he found in the Eed Sea," but merely mentions that the entozoa '-were found in a 

 clustered glandular apparatus in the stomach and were 5 inches long." His descrip- 

 tion of the Dugong was sent in a letter to Dr. Sommering, and is dated from the island 

 of Dahalac, on the Abyssinian coast of the lied Sea, in the month of January, 1832. 

 This paper was published in the first volume of the Museum Senckenbergianum, in 

 1834." 



Owen (1838, p. 30), in discussing the stomach of the Dugong, refers to his speci- 

 mens with the sentence: "And in each case the gland was infested by Ascarides, here- 

 after to be described, which left impressions upon the spiral membrane." 



Owen (1839, p. 136) again refers to this parasite, in discussing the accessory 

 glands of the digestive system of entozoa, as follows: 



The second example of an accessory digestive gland occurs in a species of Ascaris infesting the 

 stomach of the Dugong. Here a single elongated caecum is developed from the intestine at a distance 

 of half an inch from the mouth, and is continued upward, lying by the side of the beginning of the 

 intestine, with its blind extremity close to the month; from the position where the secretion of this 

 caecum enters the intestine, it may he regarded as representing a riidimental liver. (See the Prepara- 

 tion, No. 429A, Mus. Coll, Surgeons, Phys. Catalogue, p. 121.) 



