ASCARIS OSCULATA. 



155 



Iceland, by Hallas; twice in Phoca barbata {= Erignathus barbatus), by Olrik, iu 

 Gi-eenlaud; three times in Halichoerns grypus, locality not given; once in Gystophora 

 cristata, by Olrik, in Greenland; twice in Trichecus rosmarus (= Odobenus rosmarus), 

 by Olrik, m Greenland, and five times in undetermined seals, on Faroe, by MtiUer; 

 Iceland, by Steinche, and Greenland, by Jorgensen and Midler. As many as 200 to 

 300 were occasionally found in a single seal, the proportion of males to females being 

 about 2 : 3. 



While Schneider gives the measurements of the male as 40™™, of the female 50™™, 

 Krabbe found the males attaining 60™™, the females 80™"> in length. He was unable 

 to observe the carmine pigment ring mentioned by Schneider. 



Cobbold (1879, pp. 313, 314), states that Ascaris oseulata seems to be present in 

 full-grown seals of every kind. In 1862-1864 he conducted a series of experiments 

 with the eggs of this worm, rearing embryos both in salt and fresh water, but the 

 feeding of the young worms to various animals led to no result. He watched the 



. Fig. S3. 



Fig. 84. 



Fig. 85. 



growth of the embryos until they had acquired well-marked digestive organs and a 

 length of one twenty-fifth of an inch, their size when emerging from the egg shell in 

 the water having been about one one-huudred-and-flftieth of an inch only. His figure 

 of the female shows a characteristic prominent transverse ridge at the position of the 

 vulva, about on the border of the first and second anterior thirds of the body. 



Von Linstow (1880, pp. ,44, 45) records the same species from the stomach of 

 Malichoerus grypus (Zool. Mus. Univ., of Kiel, No. 9). His observations on the dorsal 

 lip differ somewhat from Krabbe's, as he found the margin provided with teeth; the 

 rounded lateral projections belong to an inner layer and lie in the same plane with 

 the outer surface. 



Von Marenzeller's (1882-83, p. 18) article is not at our disposal. 



Nehring (1884, p. 59) states that he found numerous specimens iu a JTaliehneruD 

 shot at Goehren (Riigen) in 1882; he also found an Ascaris in 1884, in Halivhoerus 

 grypus; the parasites were not determined definitely, but Karsch stated to him that 

 they were closely related to A. oseulata. 



