PLANTS OF GUADALUPE ISLAND. 281 



I 



Our party landed at the anchorage at the south end and explored the dry central 

 valley occupying the south half of the Island; they also explored the northern half 

 from the west anchorage, and from that on the northeast side. The northwest and 

 much of the central part remained unvisited, chiefly on account of the dryness 

 and heat and the difficulty of transporting water ; therefore the collection could not 

 have been by any means exhaustive. 



Destructive of vegetation as are the goats, they are debarred from visiting the 

 southern half of the island in the dry season by the distance from the only fresh 

 water — the springs at the north end. If anyone could make a thorough survey, of the 

 summer flora of the south end, he would find apparently the natural conditions nearly 

 undisturbed, and would be rewarded probably by new discoveries. 



The Stanford party report, as all others have done, that the woody plants of the 

 island are doomed if the present conditions continue. They made careful search, but 

 were unable to discover that a single young or seedling tree had escaped destruction 

 by the goats. Many dead but no living junipers were seen, and the cause of the 

 death of so many of the cypresses appears to have been demonstrated. The goats 

 strip off the living bark of the latter in places, and the tree in its effort to repair the 

 injury forms a new somewhat hypertrophied growth, leaving a dead streak underneath. 

 The increase and decay of these dead spots finally leaves but a shell of living bark 

 and wood near the base of the tree, and the winter winds overturns it years before the 

 time of its natural death. 



The presence of a considerable amount of dead wood in the southern part of the 

 island has been observed by collectors previous to ours, and it was supposed to be 

 the juniper; but the structure of thrf specimens brought home agrees well with that 

 of the cypress and not with the wood of the juniper collected on the mainland. The 

 cypresses, therefore, probably extended over the southern half of the island until 

 destroyed by the goats, and their disappearance may have caused the disappearance 

 of subperennial springs, as none exist in that region. 



It was gratifying to find Phyllospadiso existing on Guadalupe. It is another link 

 connecting this flora with central California. It is, moreover, the most southern station 

 reported to me, the next northerly being at Ensenada, in the northern part of Lower 

 California. It is the most insular also. 



The flowering plants are given below, and the few mosses, lichens, and algse 

 brought back will be reported elsewhere. 



FLOWEEING PLANTS COLLECTED IN THE SUMMER OF 1897 ON GUADALUPE ISLAND. 



Sschscoltzia ramosa, E. L. Greene. 



All parts of the island. Only a few in flower. 

 Oligomeris subulata, Bolss. 



Near the northeast landing. 

 Silene gallica, L. 

 Spergularia moerothioa, Heynh. 



In fruit. Densely glandular-tomenton. Abundant among rocks, south end of 

 island. 

 Frankenia grandifolia, Cham, and Schlecht. 



On the side of the bank near the northeast anchorage. 



