CONDITION OF EUROPE. 



311 



Population, 

 May 31st, 1886. 



Standing 

 Army, 

 1890. 



Standing 

 Army and 

 Reserves, 

 1890. 



38,218,903. 547.482. 4,190,000. 57 I 



Navy and 



Marine Infantry 



and Artillery. 



39,784 

 17,921 



67.705- 



375 

 432- 



Navy, 



1891. 



Ironclads and 



Cruisers. 



Torpedo Boats, 



Ships, 

 Steamers, &c. 



THE MILITARY AND NAVAL EXPENDITURE. 



The enormously increased expenditure of recent years, is due 

 principally to the augmented public debt, created by wars and 

 preparations for wars, and to the increased cost of the army, which 

 has been covered by the imposition of new indirect taxes. 



" The increase in the expenditure of France has been greater and 

 more rapid than that of Great Britain. Between i8i4and 1829, the 

 expenditure of France was about ;^4o,ooo,ooo a year, and she 

 made no addition to her debt; between 1829 and 1847, t'^s 

 expenditure of France rose to ^^5 1,000,000 a year, and there was 

 an annual average deficit of ;^4,25o,ooo. Between 1850 and 1870 

 — that is to say under the Empire — the deficit had diminished to 

 _;^2,5oo,ooo, but the expenditure had enormously increased, and 

 the budget for 1883 is ;£i36,i37,6o7."* The budget for 1890 

 reached the enormous total of ;^iS 1,943,318. 



In the year prior to the war in 1870, the revenue was _;^7 1,927, 742, 

 and the expenditure ^^69,608,556 ; and according to the budget of 

 1890, the latter has increased, in consequence of thg Franco-German 

 War, the enormous preparations, for what is called the " war of 

 revenge" against Germany, and also the military expeditions to 

 Tunis, Madagascar, and Tonquin, to the extent of ;^82,334,762, as 

 compared to the year 1870, the last year of the Empire of 

 Napoleon, i.e., for 1870, ;^69,6o8,556, and for 1890, ;^i5i, 943,318. 



Annual Army and Interest of 



Expenditure, Navy, National Debt, 



1890. 1890. 1890. 



;^iSi,943.3i8. ^^36,412,409. ;^52,022,767. 



National Debt, 

 i8go. 

 _;^8so,o68,ooot 

 415,680,804^: 



;^i,26s,748,8o4. 



Speech of the Right Hon. W. E. Gladstone, M.P. f Funded. % Unfunded. 



