32^ 



TkE MILITARY ANt> FINANCIAL 



against Turkey in 1876, an 8 per cent, loan was raised of ;^48o,ooo, 

 and in 1877, a further loan became necessary, of ;^i, 000,000. Since 

 then, in consequence of the outlay involved by the war against 

 Bulgaria, two loans have been raised of _;^2, 000,000. 



SPAIN. 



THE ARMY AND NAVY. 



The Army of Spain was reorganised in 1882, the obligation to 

 serve being general for twelve years, and consists of a permanent 

 Army, in which all Spaniards past the age of 20 are liable to serve 

 for three years ; an Active Reserve for three years, composed of all 

 men who have served their three years in the permanent Army, and 

 the remaining six years in the sedentary Reserve. 



All Spaniards past the age of 20 are liable to serve, but by a 

 payment of £60, exemption may be purchased. The service in the 

 Colonial Army is eight years, four with the colours, and four in the 

 Reserve forces. The Navy, like the Army, is recruited by con- 



120. 



The Army and Navy in the Spanish Colonies stands as 

 follows : — 



Cuba. Porto Rico. Philippines. Total. 



Army. 27,692 3)700 11,000 42,392 



Navy. 1,007 102 3,270 4.379 



28,699. 



3,802. 



14,270. 



46,771. 



