AN INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNAL FOR EUROPE. 343 



this war to England was _;^ii 2,000,000, and she wrested from 

 France, Canada, Cape Breton, and several Islands in the West 

 Indies. 



4. Then followed that senseless and desolating war, waged 

 with such relentless fury over Europe and Asia, from 1794 to 

 18 1 5, the objects of which were, the overthrow of Napoleon, to secure 

 the restoration of the Bourbons, and to crush out republicanism in 

 Prance ; and for these objects England subsidized nearly every State 

 in Europe ; the Continent was deluged with blood, marked by the 

 terrible Battles of Marengo, and Wagram, Austerlitz, and Jena, 

 Borodino, and Waterloo, and a hundred others, where 

 "Millions lay down in their anguish to die." 



This great War, waged by England against France, may be divided 

 into two periods, the first, called the War of the French Revolution, 

 and lasted from 1794 to 1805, and during this great struggle, 

 England had Russia, Austria, Spain, Holland, and Portugal, as allies 

 in her War against France. It was concluded by the Peace of Amiens, 

 and cost England ^^464,000,000, arid the result ot that Peace was, 

 that France lost all her power and territory in .India, which England 

 seized, besides Malta, Trinidad, and other West Indian possessions 

 of France. 



The second period of the war with France, began immediately 

 after the Peace of Amiens, for it was abruptly broken, owing to the 

 determination of England and her Allies, Prussia, Austria, Russia, 

 Spain, and Portugal, to refuse to recognise, or to sanction the choice 

 by the French people, of Napoleon as their ruler, — a war, which cost 

 England ;^i, 159,000,000 — and it is estimated, that, in these two 

 wars, upwards of 5,000,000 lives were sacrificed. 



In 177s, Great Britain waged the tremendous struggle with 

 America for the possession of the North American Colonies, com- 

 monly called the Great War of American Independence, which 

 was caused by tlie determination of England to dictate a system of 

 Finance to 40,000,000 of people, 3,000 miles to the westward of 

 her own shores, and, by her attempt, by force, to raise a large revenue 

 from the American people, to enable her to carry on, and wage 

 her wars of ambition and intervention upon both the European, 

 and Asiatic Continents, which was a policy of fraud and violence, 

 being based upon taxation without representation, quite contrary to 

 our Constitution. 



After a great and sanguinary struggle, which lasted eight years, and 



