APPENDIX. 395 



CONGRESS AT BRUSSELS. 



In 1848, at the Peace Congress held in Brussels, the following 

 resolution was passed : — 



"It is of the utmost importance to urge upon the different governments of 

 Europe and America the necessity of introducing jnto all international 

 treaties an Arbitration clause, by which war shall be avoided in the settle- 

 ment of disputes." 



MR. COBDEN'S resolution. 



On the 12th June, 1849, Mr. Cobden submitted the following 

 resolution in the British Parliament : — 



"That an humble address be presented to Her Majesty, praying that she will 

 be graciously pleased to direct her Principal Secretary of State for Foreign 

 Affairs to enter into communications with Foreign Powers, inviting them 

 to concur in treaties binding the respective parties, in the event of any 

 future misunderstanding which cannot be arranged by amicable negotia- 

 tion, to refer the matter in dispute to the decision of Arbitrators." 



This resolution was supported by Mr. Hobhouse, Mr. Milner 

 Gibson, Mr. J. A. Roebuck, Mr. Joseph Hume, and opposed by 

 Lord Palmerston and Lord John Russell, and in the division on the 

 previous question was lost by a vote of 79 to 176. 



THE FRENCH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY. 



In the same year (1849) a proposition was made in the National 

 Assembly, that the French Republic should suggest to the 

 Governments of Europe and America to unite by their representa- 

 tives in a Congress, which should substitute an arbitral jurisdiction 

 for the barbarous usages of war. The Committee of Foreign Affairs, 

 having considered the question, approved of the proposal, but 

 deferred for a time its practical adoption. 



THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. 



In 1851, Mr. Foote, Chairman of the Senate Committee on 

 Foreign Relations, presented the following resolution : — 



" That it would be proper and desirable for the Government of these United 

 States, whenever practicable, to secure, in its treaties with other nations, a 

 provision, for referring to the decision of umpires all misunderstandings 

 that cannot be satisfactorily adjusted by amicable negotiation, in the first 

 instance, before resort to hostilities shall be had." 



THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES. 



In 1853, Mr. Underwood, Chairman of the same Committee 



2 E 



