APPENDIX. 403 



Tribunal existed it would be a great benefit to the civilised [i world. 

 Would that there were such a Tribunal ! " — Speech in Parliament. 



THE HON. JOHN JAY. 



(Late American Ambassador at Vienna, 1868.) 

 " In time, these Treaties of Arbitration would be merged into 

 more extensive alliances, and a greater number of umpires would be 

 selected ; nor is it the vain hope of idle credulity that at last a union 

 might be formed of every Christian nation for guaranteeing the 

 peace of Christendom, by establishing a Tribunal for the adjustment 

 of national differences, and by preventing all forcible resistances to 

 its decrees. That such a Court, formed by a Congress of Nations 

 in obedience to the general wish would, next to Christianity, be the 

 richest gift ever bestowed by Heaven upon a suffering world, will 

 scarcely be questioned by any who have impartially and candidly 

 investigated the subject." — Extract from Letter. 



HER MAJESTY THE QUEEN OF GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND, 1871. 



" By the Treaty of Washington, modes of settlement have been 

 fixed for several questions which had long remained in dispute. The 

 President has concurred with me in the application of that principle 

 of amicable reference which was proclaimed by the Treaty of Paris 

 (1856), and which I fejoice to have had an opportunity of recom- 

 mending by example." — Speech from the Throne.. 



president of the united states of america 

 (General Grant), 187 i. 

 " This year has been eventful in witnessing two nations which speak 

 the same languagCj adopting a peaceful Arbitration for the settlement 

 of disputes of long standing, and which were liable at one time 

 to cause conflict. An example has thus been set which, if successful 

 in its issue, may be followed by other civilised nations, and possibly 

 be the means of restoring to productive industry the millions of men 

 now engaged in military and naval employment." — Message to 

 Congress. 



MARQUIS OF RIPON, 1871.' 



"I believe that the Treaty of Washington embodied a large 

 improvement upon the admitted principles of International Law. 

 ***** 



But even beyond that, I venture to attach yet more importance to 

 another fact. You have here, in a public instrument between two 



