APPENDIX. 40;- 



are invariably adverse to our interests, so I notice with pleasure the 

 fact that a favourable decision by Belgium on the Fisheries dispute 

 has been followed by a favourable award by the Emperor of Austria 

 in the dispute as to the interpretation of the Treaty of i860 with 

 regard to the Mosquito Territory. The increase of Arbitrations 

 induces me to say that the present period of comparative calm in 

 Europe might perhaps bp chosen for some abatement of the curse 

 of inflated Continental armaments. Enormous emigration takes 

 place from victorious Germany ; the finances of Austria and of Italy 

 are strained, and even the marvellous resources of France are 

 heavily taxed under the present system." — Speech to Ms Constituents^ 



THE ARCHBISHOP OF YORK, 1873. 

 (dr. THOMSON.) 



" The object of the meeting, to enforce the necessity of substitut- 

 ing for the miseries of war and for the prodigal waste of human life 

 that it carries with it, a system of Arbitration, has my most cordial 

 sympathy. I have no doubt that it will in the end be attained." — 

 {Speech at York.) 



THE BISHOP OF MANCHESTER, 1872. 

 (dr. FRASER.) 

 " I am thoroughly in sympathy with your object. Considering 

 the high degree of civilisation at which the world is supposed to 

 have arrived, to say nothing of the legitimate influence of Christian 

 principles, it is nothing less than a monstrous anachronism that 

 nations should still be found settling their quarrels, not before the 

 tribunals of equity and reason, but by the brutal and irrational 

 arbitrament of the sword." — {Letter to Peace Conference.) 



THE VEN. ARCHDEACON SANDFORD, 1872. 



" Ought we not to feel it a solemn obligation to join hand and 

 heart with those in every land who are aspiring at the adjustment of 

 national differences by a less barbarous process than war ? Happily 

 in these days plain pleas are afforded for enforcing not merely the 

 duty but the expediency of International Arbitration. For is there 

 one of the differences which have been recently referred to the 

 sword, which might not have been arranged so as to have precluded 

 the untold miseries of which war is invariably the cause ? Nor need 

 the Clergy fear to be taunted with enthusiasm for handling such a 

 topic. For 'the tide of opinion is everywhere becoming more 



