VIOLET PERFUME, 307 



machines are emplo\'ed to keep the solvent in circulation 

 and thus to ensure its coming into contact with the llowers 

 tor as long" as is necessary. This solvent is then evapor- 

 ated into special reservoirs. Evaporation is effected b^' 

 reduced air pressure, without any substantial increase 

 of temperature, and the solvent is again condensed in 

 cooled reservoirs for further use. B^- this process it is 

 possible to use up the fragrant portion of the plant to 

 greater advantage than formerly. The product thus 

 gained, when treated with alcohol, forms a highh' con- 

 centrated essence. 



As it requires a very great number of Violets to 

 produce a strongly scented essence, endeavours have long 

 been made to find a substitute for these liowcrs. There- 

 fore instead of \'iolets the "Violet-rbot" was generalh', 

 and is still, emplo\'ed for sachets. Plin\' informs us that 

 pieces of the root-stock of Iris, peeled and dried, were, 

 in Roman times, hung round the necks of teething children, 

 as is very frequentU- done now. 



There was some uneasiness among the \'iolet-growers 

 in (jrasse when the use of Jonon began to spread. The\' 

 thought that this 

 an end to their 



the reverse was ^v-<s/','*'>\^ " o€,o»|^^^ the result. For 

 its perfume ,^t^''-<,°» y » f 'i-Nx o'SZT requires an ad- 

 dition of the V-^ 3^ « ,_ ♦* ''/-•''.vv^ natural product 



|N ,'-N..l ,, fj discovery would put 

 /T>:W".»}?>%/k7 Violet culture, but 



to fully develop 2iL •'- *'/ /i%'/^xv its qualities. And 

 the artificial 'tt>'/ ^S''^,tkAKr^ production of lonon 

 contributed not a ^ t'^Cs. little to the increased 



use of \'iolct per- Nuothyihim pmrtatnm. fume, SO that the 



