CULTURAL DIRECTIONS 29I 



tops and roots being able to stand some freezing, it 

 will not resist the severe cold of northern winters. 



374. Varieties; — If the season is long, and early varie- 

 ties are planted, the roots may send up flower stalks tlie 

 first year. In such cases the carrot is an annual. The 

 late varieties are biennial. The roots of the wild plants 

 are slender and woody, but those of cultivated varieties 

 vary greatly in every particular. They may be pointed 

 or blunt; long, half-long, short or globular; the flesh 

 may be white, yellow or purple. Goff (N. Y. Sta. Rep. 

 1887, p. 133) made the following classification: 



A. Root distinctly pointed. 



B. Root long, the length exceeding four times the 

 diameter. 



c. White, 

 cc. Yellow, 

 ccc. Orange or red, 

 cccc. Purple. 

 BB. Root half-long, length not exceeding four times 

 the diameter. 



(Color divisions) 

 AA. Root distinctly premorse, or blunt at the lower end. 



(Root and color divisions) 

 Professor Goflf classified 28 varieties, the following 

 groups embracing the most important : 



(i) Early Short Scarlet, Early Scarlet Horn, are 

 popular, very early short-rooted varieties. 



(2) Chantenay or Model, Danvers Half-Long 

 Orange, Half-Long Scarlet, Oxheart and Rubicon are 

 largely planted as medium early varieties. 



(3) Long Orange is the leading late, long-rooted variety, 



(4) White Belgian is a large-rooted sort grown and 

 valued for stock feeding. 



375. Planting. — Most of the carrot seed used in the 

 United States is grown in England, France and Ger- 



