240 Phytogeographical. 



Round the island may be drawn a parallelogram of which the 

 longer diagonal going from Ladderpoint to Flat Point has a 

 length of 5.25 km.; the other from Torrents Bay to South- 

 East Point 4.5 km. The surfaces is 16 D km. 

 In order to get a better insight in the geological condition I col- 

 lected a number of minerals during my rambles on this island. 

 I am greatly indebted to Prof. Dr. C. E. A. Wichmann at Utrecht 

 for his determination of these minerals. It proved to me that I 

 brought only Andesites except some stones containing sulphur, 

 which, especially with a view to the geological condition of 

 St. Eustatius, was however to be expected. 



As far as may result from my observations the rocks rising steeply 

 from the sea consist of Andesites. 



The conical mountain (of which Mountain Peak is 880 m. above 

 the sea-level), rising steeply from the sea, perfectly commands 

 the form of the island. Its top lies in the intersection of the 

 mentioned diagonals and ends in an almost sharp summit that, 

 viewed from St. Barthelemy seems somewhat level. To the 

 North this mountain is sloping almost down to the seashore, 

 higher up at an angle of 30° lower it is less steep ; only near 

 Flat point there is a tolerably large plain where the sea may be 

 reached. 



Also on the other sides of the island the rocks rise from the sea 

 at a steep angle but do not go up to the Mountain top. They 

 rise as far as 300, 400 or 500 m. and end in different cones 

 which seem to rest on the central part of the island at 200—300 

 m. above the level of the sea. 



Southwestward of Mountain Peak there is the small plain where 

 the chief village. The Bottom, is to be found. I estimate its 

 surface at 0.5 D km. 



South East of Mountain Peak lies another plain of still smaller 

 surface where the little village Windwardside is situated about 

 300 m. above the level of the sea. 



On one of the least steep parts of the conical mountain Mary- 

 point, a knot of houses is built N.W. of the Peak at about 400 m. 

 above the sea level whereas a group of houses, Hellsgate is built 

 on a gentle slope N. E. of the Mountain Peak. 

 So the Bottom is surrounded on all sides by mountain tops and 

 the situation is such as might easily be taken for the bottom 

 of the crater. 



In the sulphurraines that extend in the vicinity of Hellsgate near 

 Flat Point, occurs Andesite, changed into Opal. 



