FIFTH NATIONAI, CONSERVATION CONGRESS 57 



from quick-growing species. The long-time nature of the investment makes 

 planting more feasible for Federal, State and local governments or long-lived 

 corporations, than for the individual or small company. 



(5) The problem of reforestation of denuded lands should be met squarely 

 by entering upon a comprehensive plan covering at least a 50-year period. Such 

 a plan should include adequate Federal and State appropriations, an extension 

 of Federal and State forests to include more waste lands. Federal aid for States, 

 State aid for counties, cities and towns and encouragement of private planting. 



(6) Sixty-five million dollars at least are being lost annually because denuded 

 forest lands remain unproductive. Reforestation will go far toward lessening the 

 severity of the coming timber famine, provided it is done on a large scale and 

 begun at once. 



APPENDIX 



FOREST PLANTING BY REGIONS* 



Northern Forest 



THIS region includes the greater part of New England, New York, Penn- 

 sylvania and the Lake States, extending also in a narrow strip along the 

 Southern Appalachian Mountains to Georgia. The greatest area of 

 denuded lands in the United States requiring reforestiiig lies within this region. 

 Private and corporate ownership exceeds government holdings. New York, 

 Pennsylvania and the Lake States each have a considerable area of State forests 

 which include much land that is at present unproductive. The Federal Govern- 

 ment is acquiring land under the Weeks' Law for national forests in the White 

 Mountains and in the Southern Appalachians and has national forests in the Lake 

 States. All of these federal holdings, however, amount as yet to a relatively 

 small area when compared to that of the whole region. 



North Woods. 



The broad divisions of the forest in the Northeastern United States are the 

 spruce region, northern hardwoods and the white pine region. 



The Spruce Region is one of natural forest soils, not suited to agriculture. 

 Its topography is rugged. Red spruce is the predominant conifer, growing in 

 nearly pure stands or in mixture with hardwoods and with other conifers. Hard 

 maple, beech, and yellow birch are the principal broad-leaved deciduous trees. 

 Spruce forest covers the larger part of northern New England, the Adirondack 

 section of New York State, and this species is to be found on the highest eleva- 

 tions in the Southern Appalachian Mountains. The forests occur in almost con- 

 tinuous areas, and the region is little settled. The extent of individual holdings 

 is on the average large, and some paper and pulp companies have very extensive 

 holdings. 



Generally speaking, natural reproduction in spruce forest is good under 

 average conditions. Fire has destroyed the valuable species on large areas, and 



* Classification in general according to map "Natural Forest Regions of North America," 

 Forest Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 1910. 



