214 REPORT OF THE FORESTRY COMMITTEE 



men for cooks to move at occasional intervals, especially at the end of the 

 season. Each cook brings some new ideas in regard to cooking and the kind of 

 food supplies that are most suitable to serve. The culinary art as practised by 

 most camp cooks is not an exact science. So far as known there has never 

 been but one attempt on the part of a logger in this country to place his camp 

 kitchen on a scientific basis. He is doing this by preparing a camp cook 

 book. The idea is to find out what are the most nourishing, palatable and 

 economical foods to feed woods workers; the best form into which they can be 

 put for consumption, such as cakes, pies, bread, biscuits, cookies, meats, soups, 

 tea, coffee, etc., and the exact quantities of each ingredient that should enter into 

 the preparation of a given dish. This will eliminate the dozen and one method.s 

 of preparing certain food stuffs, do away with unnecessary waste and furnish 

 an excellent basis for calculating the amount of supplies required for feeding a 

 given number of men. The preparation of such a book should prove a profitable 

 field of work for every logger who has to provide food for large numbers of 

 men. 



LOGGING 



T">HE data which was secured from lumbermen on logging was so limited 

 that only a few suggestions in regard to logging work will be made. 

 Improved Felling and Log-making Methods. — Men are employed for this 

 work either by the day, the month or by contract. The prevailing opinion among 

 those who expressed themselves has been in favor of day work, rather than con- 

 tract. There are many factors, other than the amount of work actually performed 

 in felling and log-making, which enter into the determination of the value of a 

 given crews' work. For instance, crews working on a contract basis, will, 

 naturally, have output as their main object, and, in their efforts at speed, will 

 sometimes damage timber in felling which is several times the value of the 

 remuneration received for the day's work. The damage consists in breakage in 

 felling timber; in cutting logs too long or too short; in leaving merchantable 

 timber in the bole, and in cutting the bole without proper regard to securing 

 quality as well as quantity. Further, the contract system, in some cases, has led 

 to collusion between the timber cutters and scalers. It is possible in combination 

 with the day wage that some bonus system can be devised which will reduce 

 the loss to the lowest possible limit. 



Suggested improvements in the usual methods of cutting southern yellow 

 pine are contained in Bulletin No. 2, Part II, Prolonging the Cut of Southern 

 Pine, published by the Yale Forest School, 1913. 



Improved Skidding and Yarding Methods. — The logging problems in the 

 northeast, the south and the northwest differ markedly in character, and in each 

 region the mehods have been specialized to meet local conditions. 



Northeast. 



In the Northeast "snow logging" predominates— that is, the logs are cut 

 during the late summer, the fall and early winter, skidded to sled roads, hauled 



