as well as on the Island of Lanai on the main ridge of Haalelepakai, from which 

 place it had not been reported previously. Hillebrand in his Flora reports 

 Pterotropia dipyrena from Lanai, especially from the main ridge; the writer, 

 however, failed to find a single tree of this species, but Tetraplasandra hawaii- 

 ensis being very common he comes to the conclusion that there is a possibility of 

 Hillebrand having mistaken the identity of the trees in question, which resemble 

 each other very much and perhaps could be mistaken one for the other when 

 not in flower. 



The middle forest zone is also the home of the loganiaceous genus Labordea, 

 of which many species exist, as new ones have come to light since the explora- 

 tion of this group has been commenced systematically. Mention must also 

 be made of the extraordinary species of Compositae belonging to the genus 

 Hesperomannia. Mr. Forbes has described an interesting species which he 

 found on the Island of Kauai, and the writer has found trees 30 feet in height 

 of H. arhorescens on Mt. Konahuanui, Oahu. The trees were originally 

 found on the Island of Lanai on the highest ridge, where Hillebrand says he 

 found about eight specimens of this tree. Dr. R. C. L. Perkins told the writer 

 that he found two trees about ten years ago. A careful search during a six- 

 weeks' stay on that island did not reveal even a sign of such a tree once having 

 existed. Our three species of Hesperomannia are very closely related to the 

 Tahitian Fitchia, a genus of two arborescent mountain species. 



Of Goodeniaceae, several species belong to this region, Scaevola mollis being 

 peculiar to Oahu, as well as 8. chamissonimia, the latter, however, descending 

 into the lower forest zone, while S. procera inhabits the mountains of Molokai, 

 Maui, and Kauai; S. cylindrocarpa being only found on Lanai on the highest 

 ridge. The epacridaceous shrub, Styphelia tanieiameia, is also an inhabitant 

 of this zone, together with Vaccinmm pendidiflorum. 



Of herbaceous plants, several species of Campylotheca belong here, as well 

 as several vines, as Gynopogon oliviformis (Maile), the liliaceous Smilax sand- 

 wicensis (Pioi), and the myrsinaeeous Enibelia pacifica. Besides Euphorbia 

 Bockii, a number of other species belong to this zone, such as E. clusiaefolia and 

 E. multiformis, the former on more exposed ridges, especially back of Honolulu 

 on one of the ridges leading to Konahuanui, where it is associated with a stunted 

 form of Syzygium sandwicense (Ohia ha). 



Of Violaceae, Viola robusta, a very stout species 3 to 5 feet tall, is very com- 

 mon in the dense, mossy forest, while V. Chamissoniana, a shrubby species with 

 pink flowers, is found mainly along stream beds (see Plate XXI) in company 

 with shrubby, species of Plantago, such as Plantago princeps, not uncommon 

 back of Kamoku camp, Molokai, where it grows over 6 feet tall. The Labiatae 

 take here also an important place, Phyllostegia being represented by numerous, 

 species. Especial mention must be made of the truly superb specimens of Ste- 

 nogyne Kamehamehae, which trail over the swampy ground with large clusters of 



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