Leguminosae. 



seeds, or slightly compressed, coriaceous, often four winged, fleshy or woody, usually 

 indehiscent; seeds ovate or globose. Trees or shrubs, rarely perennial herbs with impari- 

 piniiate leaves; leaflets usually small and numerous; flowers yellow or white, rarely purple, 

 in simple terminal racemes or several forming a terminal panicle. 



Only one species found in the Hawaiian Islands. The genus consists of more 

 than twenty-five species, distributed over the warmer regions of both hemispheres. 

 Trees or shrubs, distributed from Western Thibet to Ceylon, China and Japan, 

 Siberia, Texas, California, South America, New Zealand, Bourbon, and one on 

 our islands. S. tomentosa is a tropical cosmopolitan, and is found in all the 

 islands of the South Seas, including New Guinea. 



Sophora chrysophylla Seem. 



Mamani. 



(Plates 72, 73, 74.) 



SOPHORA CHRYSOPHYLLA Seem, in Mora Vit. (1873) 66;— H. Mann Proc. Am. Acad. 

 VIT (1866) 164, et PI. Haw. Isl. (1867) 192;— Hbd. ¥1. Haw. Isl. (1888) 108;— 

 Del Cast. 111. M. Ins. Mar. Pacif. VI (1890) 157.— EdTRrardsia chrysophylla 

 Salisb. in Trans. Linn. Soe. IX (1808) 302 t. 26, f. 1;— Ker. Bot. Eeg. t. 738;— 

 DO. Prodr. 2 (1825) 97;— Endl. Fl. Suds. (1836) no. 1610;— A. Gray U. S. E. E. 

 (1854) 459;— Wawra in Flora (1873) 140. 



Young shoots silky pubescent; leaves 15.5 to 15 cm long, with 6 to 10 pairs of leaflets; 

 leaflets obovate oblong, 20 to 36 mm x 8 to 12 mm, obtuse, often retuse, with a cinereous 

 silvery or tawny pubescence (when growing at high altitudes) or glabrous (at low eleva- 

 tion); racemes terminal and lateral, 12 to 25 mm long, tomentose; calyx about 6 to 10 mm, 

 cup-shaped lobes broad and obtuse; petals 25 mm long; yellow, the broad vexilum re- 

 curved, the suberect alae and carina nearly as long; stamens as long as the carina; ovary 

 tomentose; pod 10 to 15 cm long, 8 mm wide, often deeply constricted between the seeds, 

 four-winged; indehiscent; seeds 4 to 8, oval somewhat compressed, yellow 8 mm long. 

 The var. /5 mentioned in the Bot. of the U. S. Exploring Expedition is only a glabrous 

 form 01 this species usually found in the lowlands where it is shrub, and never a tree. 



The Mamani is a tree of 20 to 40 feet in height, with a trunk reaching some- 

 times 2 feet in diameter. It is vested in a light-brown corrugated bark of a 

 half inch in thickness. The leaves are 5 to 6 inches long, and have from 6 to 10 

 pairs of leaflets. The flowers are a bright yellow, and are arranged in droop- 

 ing racemes, which are either terminal or lateral. 



The Mamani, which may be found on all the islands with the exception of 

 Oahu and Molokai, grows from almost sea level up to nearly 10,000 feet elevation. 

 It inhabits the high mountains of Hawaii, Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, and Hua- 

 lalai up to 10,000 feet, where it forms the upper forest zone together with 

 shrubby Composites, such as Baillardia arhorea and B. struthioloides and other 

 plants peculiar to these regions. On Kauai it never grows to a tree, while on the 

 slopes of Mauna Loa, on Hawaii, near the volcano of Kilauea, it reaches its best 

 development. Trees of 40 feet in height are not uncommon at an elevation of 

 4000 feet. In North Kona, on the slopes of Hualalai on the lava fields just 

 below Huehue, it is about 2 to 4 feet high, branching from the base, and does 

 not resemble the fine trees which may be found higher up at 7000 to 8000 feet 



187 



