Myoporaceae. 



also a resin which is used as sealing wax. and the Hawaiian species, M. sandwi- 

 cense (DC.) A. Gray, or Naio or Bastard Sandalwood, used as a substitute for 

 the true sandalwood after the exhaustion of the latter. 



Myoporum Sandwicense (DC.) A. Gray. 



Naio or Bastard Sandalwood. 



(Plates 174, 175, 176.) 



MYOPOEUM SANDWICENSIS (DC.) A. Gray in Proe. Am. Acad. VI. (1866) 53;— 



H. Mann, in Proc. Am. Acad. VII (1867) 194;— Wawra in Flora (1874);— 



Hbd. K. Haw. Isl. (1888) 339;— Del Cast. 111. Fl. Ins. Mar. Paeif VII. (1892) 



258;— V. Wettstein in Engl, et Prantl Pflzfam. IV. 3. 1. (1895) 360;— Heller PI. 



Haw. Isl. (1897) 892. — Polycoelium sandwicense A. DC. Prodr. XL (1847) 706.— 



Myoportun tenuifolium Hook, et Arn. in Bot. Beech. (1832) 93. 



Leaves crowded towards the ends of the branches, alternate, elliptieo lanceolate or 



oblong lanceolate, very acute, or acuminate, chartaceous, or fleshy when growing at the 



sea-shore or even at low elevations (300 feet) 6 to 15 cm long, 1 to 5 cm wide on petioles 



of about 1 em or less, acute at both ends, entire, or. serrate in the specimens from Mt. 



Ilualalai, North Kona, Hawaii, the young leaves very viscous in all specimens; flowers 



in clusters of 5 to 8, white or deep pink colored, on pedicels of 8 mm; calyx 1 to 3 mm, 



parted to the base into ovate-lanceolate acute lobes; corolla eampanulate 5 to 8 mm, cleft 



to the middle into 5 to 6 or rarely 7 obovate lobes; stamens as many as lobes, shorter 



than the latter, all alike, or two little exceeding the others; style short, flattened, incurved 



near the apex; stigma truncate. Drupe dry or somewhat fleshy and white globose or 



ovate, about 2 mm In diameter, crowned by the style, ribbed when dry; embryo cylindrical 



cotyledons as long as the radicle. 



On the Island of Molokai is a very narrow leaved form, with linear lanceolate 

 very acuminate leaves, which .are viscous; and with small pink flowers. It 

 grows on all the islands of the group, from high elevations down to near or at 

 the sea-shore, where it forms globose tussocks with salty fleshy leaves. 



The Naio or Bastard Sandalwood is a very handsome tree which reaches a 

 considerable size. Its thick' bark is of a dark gray color and deeply irregularly 

 corrugated. It inhabits all the islands of the group and according to Hille- 

 brand is supposed to reach its best development on the high mountains of Ha- 

 waii, Mauna Kea and Mauna Loa, up to 10,000 feet elevation, which, however, 

 is not the case. Next to Ohia and Koa, it is one of our most common forest 

 trees, growing at all elevations from sea level, where it is a small shrub 2 feet 

 high, up to 10,000 feet. On the Island of Maui, in the dry forest back .of Ma- 

 kawao (elevation 2500 feet), as well as at Auahi, southerii slopes of Haleakala, 

 it attains its greatest height and diameter of trunk; trees of 50 to 60 feet with 

 trunks of more than 3 feet in diameter are not uncommon. It prefers the lee- 

 ward sides of the islands, especially the aa lava fields, regions with very little 

 rainfall, as well as the high mountains of Mauna Kea, Mauna Loa, Hualalai and 

 Haleakala, where it forms the upper forest zone together with the Mamani {8o- 

 phora chrysophylla) , Eaillardia, Coprosma, and Styphelia, reaching a height of 

 about 20 feet, and withstanding heavy frosts. At the lower levels it is associ- 

 ated with the Maua, Holei, Aalii, Kauila, UhiuM, etc. Hillebrand in his flora 

 says that it is wanting on Molokai. The writer, however, found it very abundant 

 above Kaunakakai, on the open dry ridges at Mapulou, where it grew together 

 with Koaia and Alaa. The tree is glabrous throughout, has from narrow lance- 



427 



