Rubiaceae. 



The genus Gouldia is strictly Hawaiian, and consists of a goodly number of 

 ill-defined species, most of which are shrubs, only very few becoming trees. As 

 they are at present in a mixup, and difficult to determine without type material, 

 it is thought wise to mention only these few. 



KEY TO THE SPECIES. 



Panicles axillary and short, leaves pubescent underneath G. axillaris 



Panicles terminal, large, loose Cr. elongata 



Gouldia axillaris Wawra. 

 3£anono. 

 (Plate 177.) 



GOULDIA AXILLARIS Wawra in Flora (1874) 397;— Hbd. Fl, Haw. Isl. (1888) 170;— 

 Del Cast. 111. Fl. Ins. Mar. Pacif. VI. (1890) 189.— G. sandwicensis var. hlrtella 

 Gray Proe. Am. Ac. IV. (1860) 310, in part. 



Branches angular, solid, densely and evenly foliose throughout, coarsely pubescent; 

 leaves on petioles of 4 to 12 mm, elliptical, obovate-oblong or lanceolate, 5 to 15 cm long, 

 1.5 to 5 cm wide, more or less acuminate, contracted or rounded at the base, bluish-green 

 when fresh, membraneous to chartaceous, with not very distinct nerves, coarsely but 

 sparingly pubescent underneath; stipules 6 mm; panicles numerous, pubescent, short, 2.5 

 to 5 cm long, in the axils of mostly older leaves or on the naked branches, with slender 

 peduncles of 4 to 12 mm; the lowest bracts 6 to 12 mm or foliaceous; corolla puberulous, 

 small; anthers subexserted; berry pale blue or blackish, 3 to 4 mm in diameter; seeds 20 

 to 22 on each placenta. 



This species is a small tree about 20 to 25 feet high, and is very variable. It 

 occurs practically on all the islands of the group in the rain or middle forest 

 zone at an elevation of about 3000 feet. Specimens from South Kona, in the 

 forests back of the lava fields of Kapua, Hawaii, have exceedingly large fruits, 

 and larger panicles all along the branches, as well as terminal; collected fruit- 

 ing February, 1912, (no. 10030). Other numbers in the Herbarium of the 

 College of Hawaii are 3706 from Plualalai, Hawaii ; 7016 from Maunahui, Molo- 

 kai ; 8535 from Mt. Haleakala, Maui. 



Gouldia elongata Heller. 

 ilanono. 



G0T3LDIA ELONGATA Heller in Minnes. Bot. Stud. Bull. IX. (18S7) 897.— G. termlnalis 

 Hbd. EI. Haw. Isl. (1888) 169 in part. 



Branches subherbaceous near the ends, drooping, slender, four-angled, glabrous 

 throughout; or the young leaves finely puberulous underneath; bark gray, smooth; leaves 

 elliptical-lanceolate, slightly more contracted at the apex than at the base; 5 to 7.5 cm 

 long, 3 cm or more wide, entire, midrib prominent, impressed above, on short petioles about 

 2 cm; panicles terminal or occasionally axillary, pyramidal, very large and loose; pedicels 

 slender; berries small, 2 mm in diameter, bluish. 



This Manono is usually a shrub, but it was also observed as a tree in the for- 

 ests of Kaholuamano, Kauai. Plants occur on Maui (no. 8531) which would be 

 referable to this species, but differ to some extent, as in the contracted panicle, 

 which comes closer to G. samhucina. The latter is also a small tree described 

 by Pleller. It occurs in the forests of Kaholuamano, Kauai. The leaves of this 

 latter species are very wide and thick coriaceous. 



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