IV. INSECTA; HEXAPODA, RHYNCHOTA 



429 



s^ 



Fig. 480. 4S1. 



Fig. 480. — Cicada septendecim* seventeen year locust (from Riley), a, pupa; b, 

 pupa case from which the imago, c, has escaped; d, twig bored for oviposition. 

 Fig. 481. — Ceresa bubalus* buffalo leaf hopper (after Marlatt), 



Fig. 482. 



Fig. 



Fig. 482. — Phylloxera vastatrix (from Ludwig-Leunis). i, winged generation ; 2, 

 grape root, with nodules (a) caused by Phyllo.xera; 3, wingless root-generation. 

 Fig. 483. — Phthirms inguinalis, crab louse (after Leuckart). 



