(6) 
the cluster included in R. tenwis.——R. rigida (Pers.) Ach., Mont. Cuba, 
p. 234, is a tropical Ramalina, disposed by Nylander, together with 
R. complanata, Ach., under the polymorphous R. calicaris. It has 
occurred here, in the marked, compressed state (like Montagne’s Cuban 
lichen) at Key West, Florida (Herb. Torrey). The much slenderer, 
finally terete lichen also referred to the present place (as by the writer in 
Wright Lich. Cub. n. 51, and by Nylander in Prodr. Fl. N. Gran.) should 
perhaps be further compared with certain supposed states of R. tenuis. 
—R. inflata, Hook. f. and Tayl. Antarct. Voy. Crypt. p. 82, t. 79, f. 1, 
abundantly collected by Mr. Wright (U. 8. N. Pacif. exp.) in China, 
Japan, and the neighbouring islands, as also at the Cape of Good Hope, 
and the specimens agreeing with those of Mont. and V. d. Bosch! Lich. 
Jav. p. 8, has much the habit of R. calicaris v. fastigiata, though differ- 
ing in the remarkable feature indicated by the name, and is perhaps as 
widely distributed. A specimen from Arctic America, collected in Frank- 
lin’s first voyage (R. fastigiata, Herb. Hook.) proves to belong to it, and it 
passes (in the Bonin islands, and in China) into a slender, more elongated, 
sometimes channelled state (f. teruis) which has occurred to me in New 
England (trees in the White Mountains, and in Mount Desert, Maine) being 
readily distinguishable by the more or less evident inflation and sieve-like 
perforation of the fronds. Nor will a remark of Fries (Z. £. p. 30, under 
the already cited variety of R. calicaris) on ‘specimina in sylvis densis 
abiegnis lecta, que tubulosa, gracilia, ramosissima, cribroso-pertusa,’ per- 
mit us to doubt that the lichen is also an inhabitant of Europe. It is 
certainly interesting as indicating the subordinate systematic value of the 
tubulose, or cladonioid variation of the Parmeliaceous thallus. Fries has 
often suggested this, and he calls R. pusilla a Dufourea in Ramalina ; 
and Nylander has taken a similar view of R. inanis (Mont.) Nyl., the 
position of which as a member of the genus is indeed fully mediated by 
the present, which sometimes (Cape of Good Hope, Mr. Wright) so much 
resembles the South American species, as to be scarcely distinguishable, 
but by the spores. I have not been able to observe quite so close a 
resemblance in R. inflata to the Portuguese R. pusilla (Welwitsch. Cr. 
Lusit.n. 40, and 43, pr. p.) with its softer and more membranaceous, some- 
times gaping but hardly cribrose thallus, but Nylander has not hesitated 
(Syn. 1. ¢.) to throw both lichens together as an extreme variation of 
R. calicaris.——R. pollinaria, Ach. (on which see Synops. N. Eng. p. 12) 
has occurred on stones in New England, and on rocks in New Mexico 
(Mr. Fendler).——R. homalea, Ach., a very distinct and conspicuous, 
Usnea-like species growing upon rocks on the coast of California, where 
Menzies discovered it, has long been known; but the nearly akin, South- 
American R. ceruchis (Ach.) De Not., from trees in the same State, has 
only recently been added to our Flora; my specimens being from Live 
Oaks at Alcatraz (Mr. Wright) and from St. Angelo (Herb. Russell.) 
Both of these species, while strikingly anticipating the habit of Usnea, 
