( 64 ) 
still more so with Pannaria, especially in those sections (Lecothecium & 
Pterygium, Auctt.) most nearly related to the Collemei. 
But the agreement with higher sections thus obscurely suggested by 
nature in some of the best-developed representatives of the Lichinei 
must not be permitted to conceal the more obvious fact that these 
extreme and inferior expressions of lichenose vegetation are, by common 
consent, closely akin to the Eucollemei. Fries remarked (S. O. V. p. 300) 
the near affinity of Lichina to Synalissa. Ephebe solida, Born., may be 
said to combine the fructification of the genus last-named with the struc- 
ture of its own. And Nylander has well indicated (Syn. p. 13) other 
approximations between the two groups. 
XX.—EPHEBE, Fr., Born. 
Fr. S. 0. V. p. 266; Lich. Suec. n. 211; Fl. Scan. p. 294; Summ. Veg. 
Scand. p. 122. Tuck. Syn. N. Eng. p. 93. Flot. in Bot. Zeit. 1850, 
p. 73. Born., in Ann. Sci. Nat. 3,18, p.170, t. 7. Nyl. Lich. Par. 
n.1; Syn. 1, p. 89, t.2; Lich. Scand. p. 24. Hepp Abbild. n. 712. 
Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 289. Stizenb. Beitr.1.c. p. 139. Schwend. in 
Flora, 1863, p. 241; Untersuch. 1. c. 4, p. 167, t. 23, f. 14-17. Leight. 
in Ann. et Mag. Nat. Hist. 3,16, p.8. Koerb. Parerg. p. 446. De 
Bary Morph. u. Phys. d. Pilze., Flecht., u. s. w. p. 268. Lichenis sp., 
Ehrh. Crypt. Ach. Prodr. p. 217. Wahl. Lapp. p. 441. Usne sp., 
Hoffm. D. Fl. 2, p. 186, p. p. Corniculariz sp., Ach. Meth. p. 305 ; 
Lich. Univ. p. 616; Syn. p. 302. Moug. & Nestl. Cr. Vog. n. 358. 
Scher. Spicil. p. 515. Conferve sp., Dillw. Conf. Brit. Scytone- 
matis, sp., dein Stigonematis sp., Ag. Syst. Alg. p. 42. Harv. Man. 
Brit. Alg. p. 12, 153. Kitz. Spec. Alg. p. 318, et tab. Phycol. t. 37, f. 
3. Bangi sp., Lyngb. Hydroph. Collematis sp., Scher. Enum. p. 
248. 
Apothecia sub-lateralia, globosa, disco coarctato punctiformi- 
impresso. Spore oblongo-ellipsoidee, simplices, incolores. Sper- 
matia oblonga; sterigmatibus sub-simplicibus. Thallus filamento- 
sus, decumbens, ramosus, nigricans; collogonidiis majusculis axem 
primitus sistentibus, dein plus minus strati instar inter corticem et 
cellulas confusas medullares dispositis. 
From the point of view of Ephebe solida, Born., the described apo- 
thecia of E. pubescens (Born. 1.c. Nyl.l.c. Koerb. 1. c¢.) are so mani- 
festly irregular that, — having myself wholly failed in detecting them, — 
I have preferred to confine the generic character to the here well-known 
fruit of the species first named, which accords in its other structure with 
the older one. Stizenberger (in an earlier memoir than the one cited 
above) and Hepp, have indeed already disallowed the supposed fructifi- 
cation of the latter as parasitical; but the plant upon which this is found 
