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also immersed apothecium is largely characteristical of the lowest Colle- 
maceous Lichens, and has often been understood by lichenographers as in 
fact pyrenocarpous (Verrucariaceous). From our point of view indeed, 
this explanation is, @ priori, most improbable; and the very learned writer 
last cited, has not hesitated to recognize, even in endocarpeine anamor- 
phosis, the proper lecanorine apothecium, throughout his Collemacei, 
except in two instances; one of them the plant just referred to. This 
(Phylliscum) is readily associable in habit with Ompbalarieine types, from 
which Montagne did not separate it, and one of which types (0. lepto- 
phylla, Tuck. Wright Lich. Cub. n.1) was in fact pronounced a Phylliscum 
by a lichenist of the largest experience; but it contrasts with Omphalaria 
in range and habitat; and differs, as in some other respects, in its still 
more sunken or endocarpeine fruit. There is nothing however, to distin- 
guish, externally, this apothecium from that of an Omphalaria’ of Cuba, 
and the internal features may be said to offer only an extreme of the 
structure in other Omphalarie ; the ‘ostiolar filaments’ noted by Nylan- 
der, affording, if we do not mistake, scarcely a decisive criterium, and the 
hypothecium possessing certainly no better claims to rank as an amphi- 
thecium.? Except as respects the size of the granules, the gonimous system 
illustrated, but the fact that the internal structure of its ‘subgelatinous’ thallus 
really carries Endocarpon phylliscum into Collemei; in spite of its ‘endocarpeine’ 
fruit. 
1 Omphalaria deusta (sp. nova) thallo membranaceo-cartilagineo atroviridi 
rotundato-lobato basi umbilicato-afixo, lobis integris undulatis; apotheciis sparsis 
depresso-globosis sub-clausis, apertura poroidea. Spore octone, ellipsoidee, sim- 
plices, incolores, longit. 0.011-16™™., crassit. 0.005-7™"™-; paraphysibus capillaribus 
flexuosis. Shaded rocks, Guajuybon, Island of Cuba, in company with O. Wrightii ; 
Mr. Wright.— Collogonidia solitary, or in twos and threes, interspersed among 
anastomosing filaments. Apothecia verrucarioid, resembling those of O. phyllisea 
(Phylliscum, Nyl.) and but little larger, but the orifice rather more ample. They 
are not well comparable with those of either of the other described Cuban species. 
Thallus half an inch to an inch in diameter; contrasting in its rounded lobes, and 
black colour, with the other species, and not a little suggestive of conditions of 
Umbilicaria flocculosa, Hoffm. (Gyroph. deusta, Ach.). 
2 The spermatia of Phylliscum might certainly appear to corroborate the other 
evidences of the marked distinctness of this type; but the value, in the system, 
of the differences in the spermatia is as yet wholly uncertain. In a minute, Col- 
lemeine lichen (Synalissa Texana, Tuckerm. herb.) from the calcareous rocks of 
Texas (C. Wright) the nodulose habit of which is so much that of S. symphorea (as 
given in Anz. Lich. Ital.) that I supposed it, before analysis, without doubt the 
same, and the interior structure scarcely differing unless in rather larger collogo- 
nidia and less distinct medullary elements (both differences looking towards Phyllis- 
cum)I find yet filiform, at length bowed spermatia, much as in the type last 
named; and there is no doubt that the organs in question belong tv the thallus 
(unfortunately without apothecia) described. And quite similar spermatia recur 
in a crustaceous species with greatly reduced thallus, of the same genus as it is 
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