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conditions of C. furcata, and others (with symphycarpeous apothecia) which 
it is difficult not to refer to C. sgwamosa (and the plant of Montagne is so 
referred by Nylander, l. c. p. 209) but it differs essentially in possessing 
true scyphi, and seems to be connected, by various intermediate condi- 
tions (as, e. g. Lich. Cub. n. 31) with C. fimbriata ; bearing to this last 
perhaps a similar relation to that which C. muscigena, Eschw. (Wright 
Lich. Cub. nu. 42) bears to C. macilenta.—C. Santensis, Tuckerm. Suppl. 
1, p. 427, discovered in the low country of South Carolina (Mr. Ravenel) 
has since occurred in the upper country; but other localities, including 
California (Lich. Calif. p. 23) are, for the present, uncertain. Nylander 
has referred (in Leight. Not. Lit. 1. c.) the ‘ C. Santensis status imper- 
Jectus’ of the writer in Lich. Cub. n. 26, to the nearly akin C. athelia, 
Nyl., first published, a little later, the same year with the species first 
named, and he distinguishes it also by its showing no reaction with pot- 
ash; but a Cladonia from Texas (Wright) is before me, which, agreeing in 
all other respects with C. Santensis, and equally belonging to the Cladonie 
pervia, is yet so similar, as respects the podetia, to the Cuban lichen (with 
which it also agrees in showing no reaction) as to suggest rather that the 
supposed difference in the apices between these two species is of subordi- 
nate account; and that they differ only chemically.——C. lepidota, Fr. 
herb., of the ochroleucous series, perhaps analogous, in this series, to 
C. degenerans of the brown series, but reminding us a little, in the final 
evolution of the podetia, of C. Santensis, was discovered in Essex, Mas- 
sachusetts, by the late Mr. Oakes, and has since occurred only in Wey- 
mouth and New Bedford (Mr. Willey) in New Jersey (Mr. Austin) and in 
South Carolina (Afr. Ravenel).——C. cristatella, Tuckerm. Obs. Lich. 1. c. 
4, p. 394 (C. Floerkiana, Tuckerm. Syn. N. Eng. p. 55, & Lich. ers. n. 133, 
non Fr.) is our most common, low-country scarlet-fruited species, and, if 
I mistake not, is related to C. cornucopioides, much as C. Floerkiana to 
some conditions of C. macilenta. C. cristatella is a northern lichen, and 
disappears southward in small forms approaching the next. CC. musci- 
gena, Eschw. Lich. Brasil. 1. c. p. 262, of which excellent specimens are 
given in Wright Lich. Cub. n. 42, is a common South American sub-type, 
comparable with C. jimbriata, v. adspersa, and with C. decorticata, of the 
brown series, and represented here, in the Southern States, by C. pul- 
chella, Schwein., differing only in size. The latter is described in the 
writer’s Suppl. 1, p. 427. C. isidioclada, Mont. & V. de Bosch Lich. Jav. 
p. 31, appears hardly distinct from C. muscigena; to which C. spheru- 
lifera, Tayl. (sub Cenom.) may also well be referable. Dr. Nylander (1. ¢. 
p- 224) refers this last to C. macilenta; from which he does not indeed 
distinguish Eschweiler’s plant, except as a variety ——C. cetrarioides, 
Schwein. herb. (Tuck. Suppl. 1, 1. c. p. 427) is still only known to me in 
the original specimens (from North Carolina) of Schweinitz.—C. lepo- 
rina, Fr. (Tuck. 1. c. p. 428. Nyl. 1. c. p. 227) occurs throughout the 
