(156 ) 
been sent to me from California (Mr. Bolander).——B. luridella (Lecidea, 
Tuckerm. l. c. p. 418) a minute species (the scales passing indeed into 
glebous conditions) somewhere between the last species, with which it 
agrees in its subimmarginate apothecia, and B. lwrida, which it rather 
resembles in colour, and the more appressed thallus, was found (on the 
earth) in the mountains of New Mexico (Mr. Fendler) and in the Rocky 
Mountains (Dr. Hayden). More remarkable is the Californian B. sco- 
topholis (Tuckerm. Lich. Calif. p. 24) comparable now with B. rufo-nigra, 
and now much rather with Lecidea fusco-atra.——B. ostreata (Hoftm.) 
Fr. Summ., has only occurred (on charred pine stumps, in Vermont) to 
Mr. J. L. Russell.1——B. decipiens (Ehrh.) Fr., though known to Muhlen- 
berg, and (through him probably) to Hoffmann (D. Fl. 2, p. 162) as North 
American, as long ago as 1796, and found in Arctic America by Richard- 
son, is yet, —so small is the extent of our explored alpine districts, and 
perhaps also of a calcareous low country like what the plant often inhabits 
in Europe, — positively known to me from no other localities than the 
‘bad lands of Judith,’ in Nebraska, accompanying Placodium fulgens 
and Buellia epigea (Dr. Hayden) similar soils in Missouri and Kansas 
(Mr. Hall) and in Montana (AL. A. Brown) and volcanic rocks in Califor- 
nia (Mr. Bolander).——The last species is yet approached by B. eve- 
nata (Endocarpon crenatum Tay]. in Hook. Lond. Journ. Bot. 6, p. 156. 
Lecanora chonion, Tuckerm. Suppl. 1, 1. ¢. p. 425) remarkable for its hol- 
lowed, or even funnel-shaped, larger and mostly entire, brown, or now 
white squamules; which is frequent on denudated spots in the prairies of 
Texas (Mr. Wright). The reference to the English botanist’s description 
is due to Dr. Nylander; but the resemblance of the American lichen to 
Zeyher’s Cape of Good Hope specimens, from which Taylor’s description 
was drawn, had been before indicated. Endocarpon speireum, Tayl. 
(1. ec.) founded on other Cape specimens, can hardly be sufficiently differ- 
enced. The finally black apothecium of B. crenata, like that of B. decipi- 
ens, is originally biatorine, and may now be describable as lecanoroid ; 
but the exciple offers no trace of gonidia.—And the same prairies fur- 
nish us with another elegant member of the present group in B. icterica, 
1 The small spores seldom observed in the European lichen (Koerb. Syst. p. 176. 
Th. Fr. Lich. Arct. p. 169. Nyl. Lich. Scand. p. 243) were detected, in his speci- 
mens (in 1851) by Mr. Russell; and I have myself since, more than once, succeeded 
in finding them. They become irregularly ellipsoid, the protoplasm dividing fre- 
quently into two rounded portions, as in B. rufo-nigra, and the length scarcely 
much exceeding, unless when the spore is misshapen, twice and a half the diame- 
ter. These dimensions are exceeded however in the European lichen, the spores 
of which are described by Nylander (1. ¢.) as ‘Jong. 0,011-12, crass. 0,0025-0,0035 
millim.’; and also as described by Massalongo (Ric. p. 94). B. rufo-nigra offers 
possibly, in its blue-black apothecia, and even in its thallus, some other points of 
at least distant comparison with B. ostreata; the originally pale exciple of which 
appears ill-ecompatible with any other than its present place. 
