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plified, in Lecidea.—L. acclinis, Flot. (Arthrosporum, Mass., Koerb.) 
detected here as yet only upon Poplar (Weymouth, Mr. Willey) combines 
the habit of small conditions of L. enteroleuca, with which it also agrees in 
its spermatia, with irregularly crooked, 4-locular spores (0,009-18™™- long, 
and 0,003-6™"- wide) of the type of Bilimbia. Very close to this but con- 
stantly distinguishable by its still more minute fruit (scarcely exceeding 
==, 2-0™™. 3, in width) and always straight spores of half the size 
(0,003-9™™- long, and 0,0025-35™™- wide) is another little lichen which we 
owe to the same acute lichenist (New Bedford, and Weymouth, on very 
various barks, Mr. Willey) and may distinguish as ZL. declinis. ——But the 
present genus affords us, in L. caudata, Nyl. (Fellm. Lich. Arct. n. 192)— 
occurring not uncommonly, from the base to the alpine region of the White 
Mountains, in company with externally similar states of Biatora rivulosa 
—a very interesting example of typically plurilocular spores in a lichen 
otherwise clearly associable with the central, graniticoline group of true 
Lecidee. 
It isnot without difficulty that Dr. Th. Fries (Lich. Arct. p. 173) refers 
L. caudata to the Toninie of Massalongo ; but we possess some genuine 
species of the latter group which correspond with Bilimbia-Bacidia in 
Biatora ; the scope of the differentiation being here quite inexpressible 
by Bilimbia alone. Several Toninie are squamaceous; but the little 
cluster of forms represented by ZL. aromatica, includes the humblest 
modifications of the granulose type.——One of these is the minute 
L. granosa, Tuckerm. (Obs. Lich. 1. ¢. 5, p. 420) inhabiting mortar, and 
old bricks, in South Carolina (Mr. Ravenel) and Louisiana (Hale). 
Apothecia minute (about 0™™-, 2-0™-, 5, in width). Spores dactyloid, 
becoming staff-shaped, 2-4-locular, 0,009-18™™- long, and 0,0025-30™™- 
wide. Spermatia needle-shaped, bowed. The same lichen from tiles, in 
shady places, in the island of Cuba (Mr. Wright) was published in Lich. 
Cub. n. 236. It has also been detected on lime-rocks, in western New 
York (Mr. Willey) and in Missouri (Mr. Hall). ——LZ. massata, Tuckerm. 
(Lich. Calif. p. 25) is another, with glebous thallus, and flat, middling- 
sized apothecia (0™™-, 6-1™™., 5, in width) not unlike those of L. aromatica 
(Sm.) Ach., but small, cymbiform, constantly bilocular spores (0,009-16™"- 
long, and 0,003-5™™- wide) and has only occurred, on earth, on the coast 
of California (Mr. Bolander). The spores of LZ. aromatica, now (Herb. 
Borr.) not ill expressing the type of Bilimbia, pass at length into elongated, 
plurilocular forms (Herb. Krempelh.) almost better associable with that 
of Bacidia. —~The same remark is applicable to the spores of L. squalida 
(Schleich.) Ach., a lichen found as yet, on this continent, only in Green- 
land (J. Vahl, in Th. Fr. 1. c.). ——Most closely related to L. squalida, 
but yet very remarkably distinguished (it should appear) from it by the 
regular extension of the squamules downward into slender, branched 
stems, which penetrate the earth, like roots, is Z. caulescens (Anz. Catal. 
Sondr, p. 67. Lich. Lang. u. 139) to which may be referred another 
