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lichens solely to the spore-difference; and bring them therefore under the 
same category with G. scripta and G. elegans, as here understood. It 
must be taken for additional evidence that the spores of G. scalpturata 
are not always solitary and exceptionally large, but vary in number and 
size, as in analogous cases in this and other genera, that Nylander finds 
Lecanactis pruinosa, Mont. Guy., to differ, in no other respect from con- 
ditions recognized by him of the Graphis last cited, than in being octo- 
sporous. —— G. tricosa, Ach. I refer here a lichen from southern Texas, 
(Mr. Ravenel) which, while at once a very marked expression of the 3Wedu- 
sula-type, differs from G. dendritica in smaller spores (0,011-0,016™™ 
long, and 0,005-0,007™™- wide) but no clear line of separation is apparent 
between it and certain Texan and other southern lichens, which, with 
spores similarly reduced, are otherwise perhaps too near to G. dendritica, 
vy. medusula, Nyl. Acharius finally referred G. tricosa to Glyphis ; and the 
difficult relations of the latter group to the extreme members of the great 
cluster of lichens represented by G. dendritica, become apparent in view 
of the matchless series of Graphidaceous types illustrated by Nylander. 
—— _G. erumpens, Nyl., at first not unlike a Fissurina, but assuming 
finally much the look of G. pezizoidea, Ach., as given in Lindig n. 2728, 
has been found in South Carolina (Mr. Ravenel) and in southern Alabama 
(Mr. Beaumont). Spores in eights; oblong; 4-S-locular; the length 
thrice to five times exceeding the diameter; fuscescent. —— G. patellula 
(Meissn.) Nyl. in litt. (Opegrapha, Meissn.; Arthonia, Fée; Lecanactis, 
Nyl. Enum.; Z. paterella, Tuck. iv litt.) is a curious, rounded form, well- 
comparable with Melaspilea arthonioides, as respects general habit, but 
really near akin to the last, and of the present group; in which rounded 
forms arenot uncommon. It has been found, on Holly, in the low country 
of South Carolina (Mr. Ravenel) and in Florida (Mr. Beaumont). Spores 
in sixes (and, probably, eights) oblong and eruceeform ; 6-10-locular ; the 
length thrice to six times exceeding the diameter; fuscescent. In speci- 
mens from Cuba (Mr. Wright) the spores vary to 11- and 12-locular, but 
I have seen none with ‘guinze a dix-huit sporidies,’ as described by Fée 
(Suppl. p. 41). 
Of the third group (stock of G. frumentaria) two North American 
species have been observed.—G. scolecitis, Tuckerm.,! has occurred 
1 Graphis scolecitis (sp. nova) thallo tenuissimo levigato viridi-cinerascente 
nigro-limitato ; apotheciis innato-prominulis elongatis gracilibus acutis ficruosis 
simplicibus Ll. rarius furcatim subramosis, excipulo rufo discum rimwformem palli- 
dun tenuiter marginante. Hypothecium ineolor. Spore octone, lato-ellipsoidea’ 
6-loculares loculis integris, l. 1, 1.2, sepius divisis, incolores, longit. 0,018-23™m™. 
erassit. 0,007-9™™——Trunks, southern Alabama (Mr. Beaumont). Best com- 
parable perhaps with forms of Graphis not remote from the stock (stirps) 
of G. grammitis ; but probably new. The spores, which are surrounded by a 
halo, are neither well distinguishable from the muriform sort, as often presented, 
nor from that with typically entire spore-cells; and exhibit the unsatisfactoriness 
