(211) 
only in southern Alabama (Mr. Beaumont).——G. Afzelii, Ach., a con- 
spicuous lichen, has been found as far north as Wilmington, North Caro- 
lina (Mr. Buckley) and occurs in South Carolina (Mr. Ravenel) Florida 
(Dr. Chapman) Alabama (Mr. Beaumont) Mississippi (Dr. Veatch) and 
Texas (Mr. Ravenel). Spores in eights; ellipsoid; quadrilocular; the 
length twice to twice and a half exceeding the diameter ; not coloured. 
There remains only to notice a single, small group (Fisswrine) con- 
fined to the southern States, of which two species have been determined. 
——G. Babingtonii (Mont. sub Fissurina) as exhibited here (South Caro- 
lina, Mr. Ravenel; Alabama, Mr. Beaumont) differs from G. instabilis, 
Nyl. (Prodr. Fl. N. Gran. p. 86) in the thallus and thalline exciple being 
thicker, and in possessing the internal characters of Montagne’s lichen. 
Spores cocciform, or rounded, quadrilocular (the spore-cells being regu- 
lar) colourless. G. nitida (Eschw.) Nyl., occurs in specimens resem- 
bling the foreign ones in South Carolina (Mr. Ravenel) and Alabama (Mr. 
Beaumont) but no spores have been detected. One or two other lichens 
belonging to this group, and from the same districts, are undeterminable 
for the same reason. 
Fam. 3.—GLYPHIDEI (Fr.) Mont. 
Apothecia plura in stromate thallode verruceeformi collecta. 
We have noticed already a tendency, in this lower tribe, to revert 
towards the crustaceous representatives (Lecanore?) of the highest; and 
have found this tendency especially marked in species of Graphis, of the 
stock of G. frumentaria. It is then the less surprising that we are now 
to see Pertusaria repeated, in Graphidaceous types of equally extraordi- 
nary character; which yet revert to Graphis, just as the genus first-named 
does to Lecanora. It was however with the compound Verrucariacei 
that the two groups now to be noticed were associated by Acharius ; by 
Eschweiler, in both his works; and even by Fée; whose illustrations, 
especially of Chiodecton, are surpassed in importance by few that have 
appeared. Fries, at first (S. O. V. p. 270) rejecting, for both genera, any 
closer relation than that of analogy with Trypethelium, placed them, 
together with Medusula, Eschw., and Conioloma, Floerk., inhis Glyphidei, 
which was next to his Graphidei ; and has been followed in this, as regards 
the types now before us, by Montagne; but he finally (Z. E.) restored 
Chiodecton to the other affinity, where Fée also left it, when (Suppl. p. 48) 
following Fries, he recognized Glyphis as a Graphidaceous type. 
of this distinction when looked at without regard to the real type of the spore. 
There is no reaction of the hymenial gelatine with iodine. 
