356 Veranus Alva Moore 



a few instances I have thought it possible for as many as 

 twelve filaments to be present. In order to estimate the most 

 usual number an actual count of the flagella on a large num- 

 ber of germs was made. These were taken from somewhat 

 ideal fields on a considerable number of preparations. In 

 these fields there were from 2 to 10 bacteria which were well 

 separated* from each other and on each of which all of the 

 flagella could be counted ; that is, there were no clumps of 

 bacteria present. Care was always taken to avoid extreme 

 conditions. 



Of these the number of flagella on two hundred individual 

 germs was as follows, 12 had no flagella, 23 had one, 30 had 

 two, 47 had three, 39 had four, 22 had five, 12 had six, 8 had 

 seven, 5 had eight and 2 had nine. In many of the fields 

 there were no free filaments, while in others there was a vari- 

 able number. 



The longest flagellum that I measured was iS/^.f The 

 usual length was from 7 to 1 2 |(a. Shorter ones were quite 

 common. Occasionally the ends of the filaments were curved 

 into nearly or quite perfect circles or rings with a diameter of 

 about 1.5 ju.. These were not uniformly present but in occa- 

 sional preparations they were quite conspicuous. 



(2) A culture obtained from an outbreak of hog cholera in 

 the State of Maryland. A microscopical examination of a 

 hanging drop preparation showed the bacteria to be actively 

 motile. They were less virulent than those in the previous 

 culture. Cover-glass preparations treated and stained as in 

 the preceding case revealed no appreciable difference in their 

 staining properties, the number, arrangement, and character 



*This is very important, for the tendency of the bacteria to be 

 united in twos or small clumps which might easily be mistaken for a 

 single germ is very marked, and the flagella which belong to two germs 

 could be readily considered as those of a single individual. This is 

 especially true where the bacilli are united end to end. 



fin measuring the length of the flagella the distance from the body 

 of the germ to the distal end of the filament along its general course 

 was taken, without allowance for the minute curves or waves which 

 would in some instances, if considered, add an appreciable amount to 

 the recorded length. 



