166 



HYMENOPTEEA (SAWFLIES). 



in the leaf, along the edge, and m each she deposits a single 

 ovum, covering it in with a gummy secretion, so as to protect it 

 from various parasites. The eggs hatch out in about a week, 

 sooner if the weather is favourable; the young larvse feed 



close together for some time. We 

 can tell their presence in this early 

 stage by noticing the leaves here 

 and there being riddled with small 

 round shot-holes, in each of which 

 is a young sawfly larva. As they 

 grow they disperse over the bush, 

 reaching maturity in from four 

 to five weeks. When full grown 

 they are three-quarters of an inch 

 loiig. They then leave the bushes 

 and burrow an inch or two under 

 the soil beneath, where they pupate. 

 Very often these pupae hatch out 

 from two to three weeks later, giv- 

 this second brood often attacks the 

 When mature, like the first genera- 

 tion they bury themselves in the ground, and remain there all 

 the winter. 



Prevention and Remedies. — The removal of the soil to tlie 

 depth of a coujDle of inches in winter and burning it, replac- 

 ing in spring, will have the desired effect of checking their 

 increase. 



Working gas-lime into the soil with a prong-hoe is also found 

 most beneficial. Where gardens are subject to this attack, 

 much loss of time and money would be saved by a thorough ex- 

 amination, by boys, of the bushes in the late spring, so as to 

 collect and destroy the young larvse before they have spread 

 over the whole bush. White hellebore is the most certain in- 

 secticide to use, mixed as recorded hereafter. Sprinkling soot 

 and lime underneath and then spraying with cold water causes 



Fia. 71. — GoosEEERFT Sawfly 

 {N&maius rihesii). 



1 and 2, Larva in two last stages 

 3, pnpa ; 4, imago. (Whitehead.) 



ing rise to a second brood 

 fruit as well as the leaves. 



