SECTION XV. 



COMMERCIAL FEEDS. 



Commercial feeds may be defined as those feeds made from 

 the grains, seeds, their by-products, all products left after the 

 preparation of human foods and beverages, the by-products 

 left after oil extraction and animal and fish by-products. 



Value of By-Products. — Many of these by-products are very 

 valuable for feeding live-stock. Cotton-seed meal, wheat bran, 

 wheat middlings, linseed meal, gluten feed, dried brewers' grains, 

 distillers' grains, rice polish and hominy feeds are a few of the 

 important by-products found on our markets. Others of these 

 waste products such as inferior corn, oat hulls, rice hulls, buck- 

 wheat hulls, sweepings and elevator dust possess little feeding 

 value and are sometimes injurious. 



New By-Produets. — Because of the high prices of grains and 

 seeds, the increasing consumption of these by the human race, 

 and the keen competition, almost all the by-products are being 

 saved and disposed of in our commercial feeds. New by-prod- 

 ucts are continually being put on the American market, gen- 

 erally mixed with other materials but sometimes sold unmixed. 



Sources of Commercial Feeds. — The following statement sum- 

 marizes the sources of the by-products. These by-products are 

 derived from: 



1. The manufacture of cotton-seed oil, linseed oil and some- 

 times other vegetable oils. 



2. The manufacture of whiskey, beer, alcohol, spirits, etc. 



3. The manufacture of human cereals (breakfast foods). 



4. The manufacture of glucose and starch. 



5. The manufacture of products from grains, such as flour 

 and rice. 



6. The manufacture of cane-sugar, beet-sugar, sorghum cuite, 

 etc. 



7. The manufacture of animal and fish products. 



Vegetable Oil By-Produots. — The by-products from the manu- 

 facture of vegetable oils are principally cotton-seed meal, cot- 

 ton-seed hulls, linseed meal and flax feed. 



