igO ELEMENTARY TREATISE ON STOCK FEEDS AND FEEDING 



to corn meal and should be mixed with other grain in forming 

 a ration, because it is sticky when masticated. The by-products 

 are superior to ground wheat for dairy cows. 



Wheat bran, wheat middlings or shorts and red dog flour are 

 the wheat by-products fed in dairy rations. Wheat bran is es- 

 pecially desirable. This feed runs high enough in fiber to give 

 bulk and it contains a high ash content and a fair protein percent- 

 age for a concentrate. Wheat bran is used in more dairy rations 

 perhaps than any other concentrate. With heavy corn meal it 

 makes a good combination as corn is rather deficient in ash and 

 fiber. Bran seems to aid digestion, has a cooling effect, and is a 

 mild laxative. It is one of the best feeds for dairy cows just after 

 calving, because at that time the cow is generally constipated 

 and feverish. 



Middlings are much heavier than bran so they are not as good 

 a complement for corn meal as bran. Middlings are more suit' 

 able than bran for animals of small capacity. 



Six to eight pounds of bran and from four to six pounds of 

 middlings may be fed daily to dairy cows. Dark feeding flour 

 (red,, dog) is excellent dairy feed when the price is within the 

 limit of the feeder. It is a heavy feed and therefore should be 

 accompanied with some light concentrate. 



Barley. — Ground barley may be fed profitably to dairy cows, 

 at the rate of 3 to 5 lbs., in certain sections when the price is 

 low. Barley should always be ground. It has about the same 

 feeding value as corn. It is often fed with oats. It contains 

 more digestible protein than corn and less than oats. Wheat 

 bran, or roots, or oats, should accompany barley as this latter feed 

 counteracts the laxative effect of these feeds. 



Buckwheat By-Products. — Buckwheat bran and middlings are 

 satisfactory milk producing feeds. 



Rice Meal, pure rice bran, may be fed to dairy cows when the 

 market value is not too high. Four pounds of tbis feed a day 

 are sufficient. 



Rye Meal should be fed in conjunction with ground oats, wheat 

 bran, corn meal, etc., and should never be supplied in quan- 

 tities of more than 3 pounds a day. An excess of this feed 



